According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the top 20 U.S. ports, ranked by total tonnage (in million tons), were as follows.

Port Total Tonnage

South Louisiana, LA ..........212.7

Houston, TX .............211.7

New York, NY and NJ .........152.1

Huntington, WV, KY, and OH ........ 83.9

Long Beach, CA ............. 79.9

Beaumont, TX ............. 78.9

Corpus Christi, TX ............ 77.6

New Orleans, LA ........... 65.9

Baton Rouge, LA ........... 59.3

Texas City, TX ............ 57.8

Mobile, AL .............. 57.7

Los Angeles, CA ........... 54.9

Lake Charles, LA ........... 52.7

Tampa, FL ............... 49.2

Plaquemines, LA ........... 47.9

Duluth-Superior MN and WI ....... 44.7

Valdez, AK ............. 44.4

Baltimore, MD ............ 44.1

Pittsburgh, PA ............ 43.6

Philadelphia, PA ............ 39.4

a. Construct a box-and-whisker plot for these data.

b. Discuss the shape of the distribution from the plot.

c. Are there outliers?

d. What are they and why do you think they are outliers?