Ammonia scrubbing is one of many processes for removing sulfur dioxide from flue gases. The gases are bubbled through an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfite, and the SO₂ reacts to form ammonium bisulfate: (NH₄)₂SO₃ (aq) + SO₂ (g) + H₂O (l) → 2NH₄HSO₃ (aq) Subsequent process steps yield concentrated SO₂ and regenerate ammonium sulfite, which is recycled to the scrubber. The sulfur dioxide is either oxidized and absorbed in water to form sulfuric acid or reduced to elemental sulfur. Flue gas from a power plant boiler containing 0.30% SO₂ by volume enters a scrubber at a rate of 50,000mol/h at 50°C. The gas is bubbled through an aqueous solution containing 10.0 mole% ammonium sulfite that enters the scrubber at 25°C the gas and liquid effluents from the scrubber both emerge at 35°C, the scrubber removes 90% of the SO₂ entering with the flue gas. The effluent liquid is analyzed and is found to contain 1.5 moles (NH₄)₂SO₃ per mole of NH₄HSO₃. The heat of formation of (NH₄)₂SO₃ (aq) at 25°C is – 890.0 kJ/mol, and that of NH₄HSO₃ (aq) is – 760 U/mo1. The heat capacities of all liquid solutions may be taken to be 4.0 J/ (g∙°C) and that of the flue gas may be taken to be that of nitrogen. Evaporation of water may be neglected. Calculate the required rate of heat transfer to or from the scrubber (kW).