An article by D. Schaefer et al. (Journal of Tropical Ecology, Vol. 16, pp. 189-207) reported on a long-term study of the effects of hurricanes on tropical streams of the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico. The study showed that Hurricane Hugo had a significant impact on stream water chemistry. The following table shows a sample of 10 ammonia fluxes in the first year after

Hugo. Data are in kilograms per hectare per year.

Determine the range and sample standard deviation for each of the data sets. For the sample standard deviation, round each answer to one more decimal place than that used for the observations.

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96 66 147 147 175 116 57 54 88 54