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Questions and Answers of
Accounting
In the United States, accounting for inventory is a difficult issue. Inventory is comprised of those items either purchased or manufactured to be resold at a profit. Numerous methods are available to
The text has pointed out that ethics is an important topic, especially for CPAs. Derek Bok, former law professor and president of Harvard University, has suggested that colleges and universities have
As the business world continues to change the way in which business is conducted, accountants are faced with the challenge of accounting for these changes. Who, for example, could have anticipated
One of your college friends recently graduated from school with a major in music (specifically piano). He has told you that he is going to start his own piano instructional business. He plans to
Sam Love is vice president and chief lending officer of the Meeker First National Bank. Recently, Bill McCarthy, a new farmer, moved to town. Sam has not dealt with Bill previously and knows little
In 2008, Intel owned the microprocessor industry with a market share of 80.3%. Its nearest competition was Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) with a market share of 19.2%. What type of information,
Your sister and her business partner have just launched their own software company. They have developed software that compresses and packages email text and voice messages, allowing email and phone
You are at your family reunion when some relatives start asking you about your studies and plans after school. Upon learning your intentions to be an accountant, everyone was alarmed that it took
In Appendix A at the back of this text is Wal-Mart’s Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2009. Review the Form 10-K and identify its major areas. How many pages of the Form 10-K are devoted to
Below is a condensed listing of the assets and liabilities of General Electric as of December 31, 2008. All amounts are in millions of U.S. dollars.1. Among its assets, General Electric lists more
Congress gave the SEC the legal authority to set accounting standards in the United States. Historically, the SEC has allowed the FASB to set those standards. Now the SEC is allowing non-U.S.
You recently graduated with your degree in accounting and have accepted an entry-level accounting position with BigTec, Inc. One of your first responsibilities is to review expense reports submitted
As an external user of financial statements, perhaps an investor or creditor, what type of accounting information do you need?
What is the major purpose of:a. A balance sheet?b. An income statement?c. A statement of cash flows?
Assume you want to invest in the stock market and your friends tell you about a company’s stock that is “guaranteed” to have an annual growth rate of 150%. Should you trust your friends and
Why are classified and comparative financial statements generally presented in annual reports to shareholders?
Why are owners’ equity and liabilities considered the “sources” of assets?
Owners’ equity is not cash; it is not a liability; and it generally is not equal to the current worth of a business. What is the nature of owners’ equity?
What are the limitations of the balance sheet? Why is it important to be aware of them when evaluating a company’s growth potential?
Some people feel that the income statement is more important than the balance sheet. Do you agree? Why or why not?
How might an investor be misled by looking only at the “bottom line” (the net income or EPS number) on an income statement?
Why is it important to classify cash flows according to operating, investing, and financing activities?
You are thinking of investing in one of two companies. In one annual report, the auditor’s opinion states that the financial statements were prepared in accordance with generally accepted
Some people think that auditors are responsible for ensuring the accuracy of financial statements. Are they correct? Why or why not?
What are the four general types of financial statement notes typically included in annual reports to stockholders?
Explain why each of the following is important in accounting:a. The separate entity conceptb. The assumption of arm’s-length transactionsc. The cost principled. The monetary measurement concepte.
Using the following information, compute totalassets.
Refer to the data in PE 2-1. Compute total liabilities.Data from PE 2-1
Refer to the data in PE 2-1. Compute total owners’ equity.Data from PE 2-1
For the following four cases, use the accounting equation to compute the missingquantity.
Using the data in PE 2-1, prepare a balance sheet.Data from PE 2-1
Using the following information, compute total current assets.
Using the following information, compute total current liabilities.
For the following four cases, compute(1) The book value of equity and(2) The market value ofequity.
Using the following information, compute total revenues. Caution: Not all of the items listed should be included in the computation of totalrevenues.
Using the data in PE 2-9, compute total expenses. Caution: Not all of the items listed should be included in the computation of total expenses.Data from PE 2-9
For the following four cases, compute net income (or net loss). Caution: Not all of the items listed should be included in the computation of netincome.
Using the following information, prepare an incomestatement.
For the following four cases, compute the ending amount of retained earnings. Caution: Not all of the items listed should be included in the computation of ending retainedearnings.
For the following four cases, use the expanded accounting equation to compute the missingquantity.
Using the following data, compute cash flow from operatingactivities.
Refer to the information in PE 2-15. Use that information to compute cash fl ow from investing activities.Data from PE 2-15Cash Infl ow (Outfl ow)a. Cash received from sale of a building . . . . . .
Refer to the information in PE 2-15. Use that information to compute cash flow from financing activities.Data from PE 2-15Cash Infl ow (Outfl ow)a. Cash received from sale of a building . . . . . . .
Refer to the information in PE 2-15. Use that information to prepare a complete statement of cash flows. The beginning cash balance for the year was $2,000.Data from PE 2-15Cash Infl ow (Outfl ow)a.
For the following four cases, use the principle of financial statement articulation to compute the missingamounts.
Indicate for each of the following items whether it would appear on a balance sheet (BS) or an income statement (IS). If a balance sheet item, is it an asset (A), a liability (L), or an owners’
Compute the missing amounts for the following 3companies.
Assuming no additional investments by or distributions to owners, compute the missing amounts for the 3 companiesbelow.
From the information provided, determine:1. The amount of retained earnings at December 31.2. The amount of revenues for the period.Additional data:Expenses for the period were $55,000.Dividends paid
Correct the following balancesheet.
From the following data, prepare a classified balance sheet for Taylorsville Construction Company at December 31,2012.
Following are the operating data for a marketing firm for the year ended December 31, 2012.For 2012, determine:1. Income before taxes.2. Income taxes.3. Net income.4. Earnings per share (EPS),
The following selected information is taken from the records of Pickard and Associates.1. Prepare an income statement for the year ended December 31, 2012. (Assume that 11,000 shares of stock are
Assume that retained earnings increased by $375,000 from December 31, 2011, to December 31, 2012, for Jarvie Distribution Corporation. During the year, a cash dividend of $135,000 was paid. 1.
During 2012, Shadow Price Corporation had revenues of $520,000 and expenses, including income taxes, of $390,000. On December 31, 2011, Shadow Price had assets of $700,000, liabilities of $210,000,
Prepare an income statement and a statement of retained earnings for Big Sky Corporation for the year ended June 30, 2012, based on the followinginformation:
The total assets and liabilities of Omni Company at January 1 and December 31, 2012, are presented below.Determine the amount of net income or loss for 2012, applying each of the following
From the following selected data, compute:1. Net cash flow provided (used) by operating activities.2. Net cash flow provided (used) by investing activities.3. Net cash flow provided (used) by
For each of the following items, indicate whether it would be classified and reported under the operating activities (OA), investing activities (IA), or financing activities (FA) section of a
Refer to Wal-Mart's Form 10-K in Appendix A. How important are the notes to financial statements? What are the major types of notes that Wal-Mart includes in its Form 10-K?
On January 1, 2012, Peet Development Company paid $325,000 in cash for a parcel of land to be used as the new office building site. During March, the company petitioned the city council to rezone the
Many successful companies, like Ford Motor Company, ExxonMobil, and Marriott Corporation, readily acknowledge the importance and value of their employees. In fact, the employees of a company are
Assume that you open an auto repair business. You purchase a building and buy new equipment. What difference does the going concern assumption make with regard to how you would account for these
Shelley and Co. has the following balance sheet elements as of December 31, 2012.Required:Compute the total amount of:1. Current assets.2. Long-term assets.3. Current liabilities.4. Long-term
Following are the December 31, 2012, account balances for Siraco Company.Required:1. Prepare a classified balance sheet as of December 31, 2012.2. Interpretive Question: On the basis of its 2012
The following data are available for Schubert Products Inc. as of December 31, 2012.Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 7,500Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . .
Listed below are the results of Messier Chocolate's operations for 2011 and 2012. (Assume 5,000 shares of outstanding stock for both years.)Required:1. Prepare a comparative income statement for
The following information is taken from the records of Wadleys Car Wash for the year ended December 31, 2012.Required:Prepare an income statement for Wadleys Car Wash for the
At the end of 2012, Spencer Systems, Inc., had a fire that destroyed the majority of its accounting records. Spencer was able to gather the following financial information for 2012.a. Retained
Maximum Company has been a leading supplier of portable storage disks for three years. Following are the results of Maximum's operations for 2012.Required:1. Prepare an income statement for the year
A summary of the operations of Streuling Company for the year ended May 31, 2012, is shown below.Required:1. Determine the net income for the year by preparing an income statement. (Assume that 3,000
A summary of the operations of Quincy Company for the year ended May 31, 2012, is shown below.Required:1. Determine the net income for the year by preparing an income statement. (There are 8,000
The following information was obtained from the records of Wilcox, Inc., as of December 31, 2012.Required:1. Prepare an income statement for the year ended December 31, 2012.2. Prepare a classified
The following report is supplied by Maxwell Sons Company.Operating expenses for the year included utilities of $5,700, salaries and commissions of $38,700, and miscellaneous expenses of $2,200.
Max & Ellie Construction, Inc., builds homes and offices and sells them to customers. The financial information shown below was gathered from its accounting records for 2012. Assume any increase or
The cash account for Esplin Enterprises shows the following for the year ended December 31, 2012.Required:Prepare a statement of cash flows for Esplin Enterprises for the year ended December 31,2012.
Ink Spot is a small company that has been in business for two years. Wilford Smith, the president of the company, has decided that it is time to expand. He needs $10,000 to purchase additional
An investor may choose from several investment opportunities: the stocks of different companies; rental property or other real estate; or savings accounts, money market certificates, and similar
You were at dinner with some family and friends when one of them started talking about the long hours he has been putting in at work—a local waste management company. He said that cash flows have
Do the notes to the financial statements add value to investors, or have they evolved from tradition? While listening to talk radio on your way home from work, you heard someone say, “Everything
Refer to the 2009 Form 10-K for Wal-Mart in Appendix A. Answer the following questions: 1. Locate Wal-Mart’s 2009 balance sheet. What percentage of its total assets consists of cash and cash
At the start of this chapter, you learned a little about Safeway and its history. Now let’s look at the company’s financial performance in recent years. Refer to Safeway’s income statement (on
Infosys is an Indian IT and consulting company with operations around the globe. The company "defines, designs and delivers technology-enabled business solutions" that help companies around the
Often banks will require a company that borrows money to agree to certain restrictions on its activities in order to protect the lending institution. These restrictions are called “debt
What is the basic objective of the accounting cycle?
Explain the first three steps in the accounting cycle.
What are the advantages of a computer-based accounting system? Does such a system eliminate the need for human judgment? Explain.
In a double-entry system of accounting, why must total debits always equal total credits?
Explain the increase/decrease, debit/credit relationship of asset, liability, and owners’ equity accounts.
How are revenues, expenses, and dividends related to the basic accounting equation?
In what ways are dividend and expense accounts similar, and in what ways are they different?
How does understanding the mechanics of accounting help a businessperson who has no intention of practicing accounting?
Distinguish between a journal and a ledger.
Assume that Company A buys $1,500 of merchandise from Company B for cash. The merchandise originally cost Company B $1,000. What entries should the buyer and seller make, and what is the relationship
Indicate how each of the following transactions affects the accounting equation.a. Purchase of supplies on account.b. Payment of wages.c. Cash sales of goods for more than their cost.d. Payment of
What is a chart of accounts? What is its purpose?
If a trial balance appears to be correct (debits equal credits), does that guarantee complete accuracy in the accounting records? Explain.
What is the difference between a trial balance and a balance sheet?
Have computers eliminated the need to analyze transactions? Explain.
Allendorf Company borrowed $85,000 in cash from Eastern Bank.a. List the accounts impacted by the transaction.b. For each account, indicate whether the transaction increased or decreased the
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