Carole, Karmen, and Charles formed ABC Corporation. Carole received 60 percent of the stock in ABC Corporation in exchange for appreciated property, Karmen received 30 percent of the stock in ABC Corporation in exchange for legal services, and Charles received 10 percent of the stock ABC Corporation in exchange for cash.
a. Must Carole recognize the gain she realized on her transfer of the appreciated property?
b. Suppose that, instead of receiving the entire 30 percent of the ABC Corporation stock in exchange for legal services, Karmen received 10 percent of the ABC Corporation stock in exchange for her legal services and she received 20 percent of the ABC Corporation stock in exchange for cash (i.e., she transferred both services and property to ABC Corporation). Must Carole recognize gain on her transfer of appreciated property?