Completed pass at Enormous State University (ESU), the football team records its plays using vector displacements, with the origin taken to be the position of the ball before the play starts. In a certain pass play, the receiver starts at + 1.& - 5.0J, where the units are yards, A is to the right, and j is downfield. Subsequent displacements of the receiver are +9.& (in motion before the snap), + 11.0J (breaks downfield), -6.01 + 4.0j (zigs). And + 12.& + 18.0J (zags). Meanwhile the quarterback has dropped straight back to a position -7.0j. How far and in which direction must the quarterback throw the ball? (Like the coach. you will be well advised to diagram the situation before solving it numerically.) 1.100. Navigating in the Solar System. The Mars Polar Lander spacecraft was launched on January 3, 1999. On December 3, 1999, the day that Mars Polar Lander touched down on the Martian surface. the positions of the earth and Mars were given by these coordinates: