Consider the TCP procedure for estimating RTT. Suppose that a = 0.1. Let SampleRTT1 be the most recent sample RTT. let SampleRTT2 be the next most recent sample RTT, and so on.
a. For a given TCP connection, suppose four acknowledgments have been returned with corresponding sample RTTs SampleRTT4' SampleRTT3' SampleRTT2 • and SarnpleRTT1. Express EstimatedRTT in terms of the four sample RTTs.
b. Generalize your formula for n sample RTTs.
c. For the formula in part (b) let n approach infinity. Comment on why this averaging procedure is called an exponential moving average.