Graywall, CPA, serves as a trustee of the CureCancerNow Foundation, a charitable foundation that is dedicated to cancer research activities. For years, he has been the loyal friend and advisor to Adolpho Rabin. In fact, Adolpho made a fortune as the founder of an apparel manufacturing corporation. After his mother died of cancer, Adolpho Rabin asked Graywall for advice about how he could meaningfully preserve the memory of his mother. Shortly after attending the funeral for Adolpho's mother, Graywall persuaded Adolpho to designate the CureCancerNow Foundation as one of several beneficiaries of his will, along with Adolpho's grown children and two grandchildren. Adolpho's will also provides that the executor may redirect more money to Adolpho's"offspring and their offspring if needed to facilitate their medical care, education, or critical life needs." Adolpho also designated Graywall to be the executor of his estate.
a. Does Graywall satisfy the Independence Rule to audit the charitable foundation?
b. Did Graywall have a conflict of interest when he advised Adolpho to designate the CureCancerNow Foundation as one of his estate beneficiaries?
c. Does Graywall have a conflict of interest in serving as the executor of Adolpho's estate?