Here is a reformulated income statement for the Coca-Cola Company for 2007 (in millions): Sales .................... $

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Here is a reformulated income statement for the Coca-Cola Company for 2007 (in millions):

Sales .................... $ 28,857

Cost of sales ................ 10,406

Gross margin ............... 18,451

Advertising expenses ............. 2,800

General and administrative expenses ....... 8,145

Other expenses (net) ............... 81

Operating income from sales (before tax) ..... 7,425

Tax ..................... 1,972

Operating income from sales (after tax) ..... 5,453

Equity income from bottling subsidiaries (after tax) . 668

Operating income .............. 6,121

Net financial expense (after tax) .......... 140

Earnings ................. $ 5,981


Summary balance sheets for 2007 and 2006 are as follows (in millions):


Here is a reformulated income statement for the Coca-Cola Compan


For the following questions, use average balance sheet amounts.
a. Calculate return on net operating assets (RNOA) and net borrowing cost (NBC) for 2007.
b. Calculate financial leverage (FLEY).
c. Show that the financing leverage equation that explains the return on common equity (ROCE) holds for this firm.
d. Calculate the profit margin (PM) and asset turnover (ATO) for 2007 and show that RNOA = PM × ATO.
e. Calculate the gross margin ratio, the operating profit margin ratio from sales, and the operating profit marginratio.

Asset Turnover
Asset turnover is sales divided by total assets. Important for comparison over time and to other companies of the same industry. This is a standard business ratio.
Balance Sheet
Balance sheet is a statement of the financial position of a business that list all the assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity and shareholder’s equity at a particular point of time. A balance sheet is also called as a “statement of financial...
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