Many companies are now testing prospective employees for drug use. However, opponents claim that this procedure is unfair because the tests themselves are not 100% reliable. Suppose a company uses a test that is 98% accurate-that is, it correctly identifies a person as a drug user or nonuser with probability .98-and to reduce the chance of error, each job applicant is required to take two tests. If the outcomes of the two tests on the same person are independent events, what are the probabilities of these events?
a. A nonuser fails both tests.
b. A drug user is detected (i.e., he or she fails at least one test).
c. A drug user passes both tests.