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Questions and Answers of Statistics

The Minitab printout below was obtained from fitting the modely = Î²0 + Î²1x1 + Î²2x2 + Î²3x1x2 + Îµto n = 15 data points.a. What is the
By law, food servers at restaurants are not entitled to minimum wages since they are tipped by customers. Can food servers increase their tips by complimenting the customers they are waiting on? To
Refer to the IEEE International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (2010) study on using the volume of chatter on Twitter.com to forecast movie box office revenue,
Suppose you fit the first-order multiple regression modely = β0 + β1x1 + β2x2 + β3x3 + εto n = 25 data points and obtain the prediction equation = 6.4 + 3.1x1 + .92x2The estimated standard
Retail interest is defined by marketers as the level of interest a consumer has in a given retail store. Marketing professors at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga and the University of
The technique of multivariable testing (MVT) was discussed in the Journal of the Reliability Analysis Center (First Quarter, 2004). MVT was shown to improve the quality of carbon-foam rings used in
While waiting in a long line for service (e.g., to use an ATM or at the post office), at some point you may decide to leave the queue. The Journal of Consumer Research (Nov. 2003) published a study
Refer to the Body Image: An International Journal of Research (March 2010) study of the impact of reality TV shows on a college student's decision to undergo cosmetic surgery, Exercise 12.17. Recall
A study was conducted to determine the effects of linguistic delivery style and client credibility on auditors' judgments (Advances in Accounting and Behavioral Research, 2004). Two hundred auditors
Refer to the Environmental Science & Technology (Jan. 2005) study of the reliability of a commercial kit to test for arsenic in groundwater. Exercise 12.16. Recall that you fit a first-order model
Refer to the Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power (Jan. 2005) study of a high-pressure inlet fogging method for a gas turbine engine. Exercise 12.19. Recall that you fit a first-order
Refer to the Journal of Colloid and Interface Science study of water/oil mixtures. Exercise 12.20. Recall that three of the seven variables used to predict voltage (y) were volume (x1), salinity
Licensed therapists are mandated by law to report child abuse by their clients. This requires the therapist to breach confidentiality and possibly lose the client's trust. A national survey of
Write a second-order model relating the mean of y, E(y), to a. One quantitative independent variable b. Two quantitative independent variables c. Three quantitative independent variables
How is the number of degrees of freedom available for estimating σ2 (the variance of ε) related to the number of independent variables in a regression model?
Suppose you fit the second-order model y = β0 + β1x + β2x2 + ε to n = 25 data points. Your estimate of β2 is 2 = .47, and the estimated standard error of the estimate is .15. a. Test H0: β2 =
Suppose you fit the quadratic model E(y) = β0 + β1x + β2x2 to a set of n = 20 data points and found R2 = .91, SSyy = 29.94, and SSE = 2.63. a. Is there sufficient evidence to indicate that the
Consider the following quadratic models: (1) y = 1 - 2x + x2 (2) y = 1 + 2x + x2 (3) y = 1 + x2 (4) y = 1 - x2 (5) y = 1 + 3x2 a. Graph each of the quadratic models, side by side, on the same sheet
Minitab was used to fit the complete second-order modelE(y) = Î²0 + Î²1x1 + Î²2x2 + Î²3x1x2 + Î²4x21 + Î²5x22to n = 39 data points.
When attempting to predict job performance using personality traits, researchers typically assume that the relationship is linear. A study published in the Journal of Applied Psychology (Jan. 2011)
Recall that statisticians at California State University, Northridge, fit a straight-line model for predicting the number of points scored (y) by a team that has a first-down with a given number of
A quadratic model was applied to motor vehicle toxic emissions data collected in City (Environmental Science & Engineering, Sept. 1, 2000). The following equation was used to predict the
Underinflated or overinflated tires can increase tire wear. A new tire was tested for wear at different pressures, with the results shown in the following table. Pressure, x (pounds per square
Management professors at Columbia University examined the relationship between assertiveness and leadership (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Feb. 2007). The sample represented 388
Do chief executive officers (CEOs) and their top managers always agree on the goals of the company? Goal importance congruence between CEOs and vice presidents (VPs) was studied in the Academy of
Consider the first-order model equation in three quantitative independent variables E(y) = 1 + 2x1 + x2 - 3x3 a. Graph the relationship between y and x1 for x2 = 1 and x3 = 3. b. Repeat part a for x2
Recall that researchers conducted interviews with a sample of 38 women shopping on Black Friday to gauge their shopping habits. Two of the variables measured for each shopper were age (x) and number
The Internet Movie Database (www.imdb.com) monitors the gross revenues for all major motion pictures. The accompanying table gives both the domestic (United States and Canada) and international gross
A standard method for studying toxic substances and their effects on humans is to observe the responses of rodents exposed to various doses of the substance over time. In the Journal of Agricultural,
Researchers at National Semiconductor experimented with tin-lead solder bumps used to manufacture silicon wafer integrated circuit chips (International Wafer Level Packaging Conference. Nov. 3-4,
In the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition (July 2005), University of Basel (Switzerland) psychologists tested the ability of people to judge risk of an infectious
A chilled orange juice ware-housing operation in New York City was experiencing too many out-of-stock situations with its 96-ounce containers. To better understand current and future demand for this
Write a regression model relating the mean value of y to a qualitative independent variable that can assume two levels. Interpret all the terms in the model.
Write a regression model relating E(y) to a qualitative independent variable that can assume three levels. Interpret all the terms in the model. Discuss.
The Minitab printout below resulted from fitting the following model to n = 15 data points:y = Î²0 + Î²1x1 + Î²2x2 + Îµwherea. Report the least squares prediction equation.b. Interpret the
The following model was used to relate E(y) to a single qualitative variable with four levels:E(y) = Î²0 + Î²1x1 + Î²2x2 + Î²3x3whereThis model was fit to n = 30 data points, and the
Suppose you fit the first-order model y = β0 + β1x1 + β2x2 + β3x3 + β4x4 + β5x5 + ε to n = 30 data points and obtain SSE = .33 R2 = .92 a. Do the values of SSE and R2 suggest that the model
Recall that study participants were randomly assigned to play the role of gift-giver or gift-receiver. Gift-receivers were asked to provide the level of appreciation (measured on a 7-point scale
In addition to state-of-the-art technologies, the production of quality wine is strongly influenced by the natural endowments of the grape-growing region-called the "terroir." The Economic Journal
University of Colorado sociologists investigated the impact of race on the value of professional football players' "rookie" cards (Electronic Journal of Sociology, 2007). The sample consisted of 148
Periodically, software engineers must provide estimates of their effort in developing new software. In the Journal of Empirical Software Engineering (Vol. 9, 2004), multiple regression was used to
The Harvard Business School professors used regression to model the relative optimism (y) of the analysts' 3-month horizon forecasts. One of the independent variables used to model forecast optimism
During fundraising, does the physical appearance of the solicitor impact the level of capital raised? An economist at the University of Nevada-Reno designed an experiment to answer this question and
A study was conducted to identify accounting choice variables that influence a manager's decision to change the level of the deferred tax asset allowance at the firm (The Engineering Economist,
Recall that Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) were surveyed on their firms' likelihood of reporting sustainability policies (measured as a probability between 0 and 1). The CPAs were divided into
Recall that 175 accounting students took a pretest on a topic not covered in class and then each was given a homework problem to solve on the same topic. The students were assigned to one of three
Which insect repellents protect best against mosquitoes? Consumer Reports (June 2000) tested 14 products that all claim to be an effective mosquito repellent. Each product was classified as either
If the analysis of variance F-test leads to the conclusion that at least one of the model parameters is nonzero, can you conclude that the model is the best predictor for the dependent variable y?
Some firms have been accused of using stock splits to manipulate their stock prices before being acquired by another firm. An article in Financial Management (Winter 2008) investigated the impact of
Participants were assigned to watch one of three types of TV programs, with nine commercials embedded in each show. Group V watched a TV program with a violent content code rating (e.g., Tour of
Consider a multiple regression model for a response y, with one quantitative independent variable x1 and one qualitative variable at three levels. a. Write a first-order model that relates the mean
Refer to Exercise 12.82. a. Write a complete second-order model that relates E(y) to the quantitative variable. b. Add the main effect terms for the qualitative variable (at three levels) to the
Consider the model:y = Î²0 + Î²1x1 + Î²2x2 + Î²3x3 + Îµwhere x1 is a quantitative variable and x2 and x3 are dummy variables describing a
Consider the model:where x1 is a quantitative variable and The resulting least squares prediction equation is a. What is the equation of the response curve for E(y) when x2 = 0 and x3 = 0? When x2 =
An International Journal of Research (March 2010) study of the impact of reality TV shows on a college student's decision to undergo cosmetic surgery, Exercise 12.43. The data saved in the file were
Recall that 955 households were contacted by a female solicitor to raise funds for hazard mitigation research. In addition to the household's level of contribution (in dollars) and the hair color of
The Usability Professionals' Association (UPA) supports people who research, design, and evaluate the user experience of products and services. Recently, the UPA conducted a salary survey of its
Recall that the Harvard Business School professors used regression to model the relative optimism (y) of the analysts' 3-month horizon forecasts. The following model was fit to data collected on
Workplace bullying (e.g., work-related harassment, persistent criticism, withholding key information, spreading rumors, intimidation) has been shown to have a negative psychological effect on
Do agreeable individuals get paid less, on average, than those who are less agreeable on the job? And is this gap greater for males than for females? These questions were addressed in the Journal of
The model relating the mean DDT level E(y) of contaminated fish to x1 = miles captured upstream, x2 = length, and x3 = weight. Now consider a model for E(y) as a function of both weight and species
Recall that the researchers used a quadratic model to relate y = task performance score (measured on a 30-point scale) to x1 = conscientiousness score (measured on a scale of -3 to +3). In addition,
The National Association of Realtors maintains a database consisting of sales information on homes sold in the United States. The next table lists the sale prices for a sample of 28 recently sold,
The relationship between country credit ratings and the volatility of the countries' stock markets was examined in the Journal of Portfolio Management (Spring 1996). The researchers point out that
Determine which pairs of the following models are "nested" models. For each pair of nested models, identify the complete and reduced model. a. E(y) = β0 + β1x1 + β2x2 b. E(y) = β0 + β1x1 c. E(y)
Suppose you fit the regression model y = β0 + β1x1 + β2x2 + β3x1x2 + β4x21 + β5x22+ ε to n = 30 data points and wish to test H0: β3 = β4 = β5 = 0 a. State the alternative hypothesis Ha. b.
The complete model y = β0 + β1x1 + β2x2 + β3x3 + β4x4 + ε was fit to n = 20 data points, with SSE = 152.66. The reduced model, y = β0 + β1x1 + β2x2 + ε, was also fit, with SSE = 160.44. a.
The director of market research at a large department store chain wanted to conduct a survey throughout a metropolitan area to determine the amount of time working women spend shopping for clothing
For a population containing N = 902 individuals, what code number would you assign for a. The first person on the list? b. The fortieth person on the list? c. The last person on the list?
For a population of N - 902, verify that by starting in row 05, column 01 of the table of random numbers, you need only six rows to select a sample of N = 60 without replacement.
Given a population of N - 93, starting in row 29, column 01 of the table of random numbers, and reading across the row, select a sample of N = 15 a. without replacement. b. with replacement.
A population has four members (called A, B, C, and D). You would like to select a random sample of n = 2, which you decide to do in the following way: Flip a coin; if it is heads, the sample will be
The registrar of a college with a population of N = 4,000 full-time students is asked by the president to conduct a survey to measure satisfaction with the quality of life on campus. The following
Prenumbered sales invoices are kept in a LYJ sales journal. The invoices are numbered from 0001 to 5000.a. Beginning in row 16, column 01, and proceeding horizontally in a table of random numbers,
Suppose that 5,000 sales invoices are separated into four strata. Stratum 1 contains 50 invoices, stratum 2 contains 500 invoices, stratum 3 contains 1,000 invoices, and stratum 4 contains 3,450
A survey indicates that the vast majority of college students own their own personal computers. What information would you want to know before you accepted the results of this survey? Discuss in
A simple random sample of n = 300 full-time employees is selected from a company list containing the names of all N = 5,000 full-time employees in order to evaluate job satisfaction. a. Give an
Poll indicate that 60% of small businesses surveyed plan to spend as much or more in 2012 than they did in 2011 on online marketing (bit.ly/Oq5n26). Three in four (75%) small businesses have
A recent survey indicated that 29% of Americans spent more money in recent months than they used to. But the majority (58%) still said that they enjoy saving money more than spending it. (Data
The time it takes to download a video from the Internet is measured. a. Explain why the download time is a continuous numerical variable. b. Explain why the download time is a ratio scaled variable.
A recent survey points to a wholesale collapse of traditional TV viewing. The study found that the percentage of consumers watching broadcast or cable TV in a typical week plummeted from 71% in 2009
What is the difference between a nominal scaled variable and an ordinal scaled variable?
What is the difference between an interval scaled variable and a ratio scaled variable?
The Gallup organization releases the results of recent polls at its website, www.gallup.com. Visit this site and read an article of interest. a. Describe the population of interest. b. Describe the
A Gallup poll indicated that 29% of Americans spent more money in recent months than they used to. But the majority (58%) still said they enjoy saving money more than spending it. (Data extracted
For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous. In addition;
Three professors examined awareness of four widely disseminated retirement rules among employees at the University of Utah. These rules provide simple answers to questions about retirement planning
The following information is collected from students upon exiting the campus bookstore during the first week of classes. a. Amount of time spent shopping in the bookstore b. Number of textbooks
For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous. In addition,
For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous. In addition,
Suppose the following information is collected from Robert Keeler on his application for a home mortgage loan at the Metro County Savings and Loan Association. a. Monthly payments: $2,227 b. Number
One of the variables most often included in surveys is income. Sometimes the question is phrased "What is your in-come (in thousands of dollars)?" In other surveys, the respond-ent is asked to
A categorical variable has three categories, with the following frequencies of occurrence:Category FrequencyA .............................13B.............................
Do social recommendations increase ad effectiveness? A study of online video viewers compared viewers who arrived at an advertising video for a particular brand by following a social media
The following data represent the amount of soft drink in a sample of 50 consecutively filled 2-liter bottles. The results are listed horizontally in the order of being filled:a. Construct a time
The file currency contains the exchange rates of the Canadian dollar, the Japanese yen, and the English pound from 1980 to 2011, where the Canadian dollar, the Japanese yen, and the English pound are
In late 2011 and early 2012, the Universal Health Care Foundation of Connecticut surveyed small business owners across the state that employed 50 or fewer employees. The purpose of the study was to
Data were collected on the Facebook website about the most "liked" fast food brands. The data values (the number of "likes" for each fast food brand) for the brands named ranged from 1.0 million to
The file BBcost2011 contains the total cost ($) for four tickets, two beers, four soft drinks, four hot dogs, two game programs, two baseball caps, and parking for one vehicle at each of the 30 Major
The file Utility contains the following data about the cost of electricity (in S) during July 2012 fora. Construct a frequency distribution and a percentage distribution that have class intervals

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