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mathematics
statistics

Questions and Answers of Statistics

A manufacturer uses a large amount of a certain chemical. Since there are just two suppliers of this chemical, the manufacturer wishes to test whether the percentage of contaminants is the same for
The productivity of 35 students was observed and measured both before and after the installation of new lighting in their classroom. The productivity of 21 of the 35 students was observed to have
Ron Marks9 visited five supermarket chains in New York and New Jersey and compared store- and namebrand prices for 30 items listed below.a. Use the sign test to determine whether or not storebrand
The time required for kindergarten children to assemble a specific Lego creation was measured for children who had been instructed for four different lengths of time. Four children were randomly
To investigate methods of reducing fatigue among employees whose jobs involve a monotonous assembly procedure, 12 randomly selected employees were asked to perform their usual job under each of three
A ranking of the quarterbacks in the top eight teams of the National Football League was made by polling a number of professional football coaches and sportswriters. This "true ranking" is shown
The observations in the table are dissolved oxygen contents in water. The higher the dissolved oxygen content, the greater the ability of a river, lake, or stream to support aquatic life. In this
In an investigation of the visual scanning behavior of deaf children, measurements of eye movement were taken on nine deaf and nine hearing children. The table gives the eye movement rates and their
As consumers become more and more interested in eating healthy foods, many "light," "fat-free," and "cholesterol-free" products are appearing in the marketplace. One such product is the frozen egg
What is wrong with this statement of purpose? PURPOSE: Determine whether or not, over the course of the semester, the campus bus reaches your stop at the scheduled time. Give an improved statement of
What is wrong with this statement of purpose? PURPOSE: Determine if a new style wireless mouse is comfortable. Give an improved statement of purpose.
Refer to the cause-and-effect diagram on page 17. The workers have now noticed that a delay could occur: (a) On the fourth floor at the pharmacy (b) On the third floor at the practitioners'
A newspaper headline reads, U.S. TEENS TRUST, FEAR THEIR PEERS and the article explains that a telephone poll was conducted of 1055 persons 13 to 17 years old. Identify a statistical population and
Consider the population of all students at your college. You want to learn about total monthly entertainment expenses for a student. (a) Specify the population unit. (b) Specify the variable of
Consider the population of persons living in Chicago. You want to learn about the proportion of eligible voters who are registered to vote. (a) Specify the population unit. (b) Specify the variable
A student is asked to estimate the mean height of all male students on campus. She decides to use the heights of members of the basketball team because they are conveniently printed in the game
Psychologists6 asked 46 golfers, after they played a round, to estimate the diameter of the hole on the green by visually selecting one of nine holes cut in a board. (a) Specify the population
A phone survey in 20087 of 1010 adults included a response to the number of leisure hours per week. Identify the population unit, statistical population, and sample.
A magazine that features the latest electronics and computer software for homes enclosed a short questionnaire on a postcard. Readers were asked to answer questions concerning their use and ownership
Each year a local weekly newspaper gives out "Best of the City" awards in categories such as restaurant, deli, pastry shop, and so on. Readers are asked to fill in their favorites on a form at the
Which of the following are anecdotal and which are based on sample? (a) Out of 200 students questioned, 40 admitted they lied regularly. (b) Bobbie says the produce at Market W is the freshest in the
Which of the following are anecdotal and which are based on a sample? (a) Tom says he gets the best prices on electronics at the www.bestelc.com Internet site. (b) Out of 22 students, 6 had multiple
What is wrong with this statement of purpose? PURPOSE: Determine if a newly designed roller-ball pen is comfortable to hold when writing. Give an improved statement of purpose.
What is wrong with this statement of purpose? PURPOSE: Determine if it takes too long to get cash from the automated teller machine during the lunch hour. Give an improved statement of purpose.
Two-person sailboats are available for use at the university dock. Your group is large enough to need three of them. Use Table 1, Appendix B, to select your three boats from among the 10 that are in
Thirty-five classrooms on campus are equipped for multimedia instruction. Use Table 1, Appendix B, to select 4 of these classrooms to visit and check whether or not the instructor is using the
Fifty band members would like to ride the band bus to an out-of-town game. However, there is room for only 44. Use Table 1, Appendix B, to select the 44 persons who will go. Determine how to make
Eight young students need mentors. Of these, there are three whom you enjoy being with while you are indifferent about the others. Two of the students will be randomly assigned to you. Label the
The United States Environmental Protection Agency9 reports that in 2010, each American generated 4.43 pounds of solid waste a day. (a) Does this mean every single American produces the same amount of
As a very extreme case of self-selection, imagine a five-foot-high solid wood fence surrounding a collection of Great Danes and Miniature Poodles. You want to estimate the proportion of Great Danes
About 30% of the persons who visited first aid stations at rave parties in 2008 reported they had a substance-related problem. Should these persons be considered a random sample of party participants
Which of the following are anecdotal and which are based on a sample? (a) Ellie told her friends that she is saving $31 a month because she changed to a prepaid cell phone. (b) One morning, among a
Which of the following are anecdotal and which are based on a sample? (a) Seventy-five text messages were sent one day during a lecture by students in a large class. (b) Erik says he gets the best
Cities must find better ways to dispose of solid waste. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the composition of the 254 million tons of solid municipal waste created in 2010 wasPaper and
Table 13, on page 77, gives data collected from the students attending an elementary statistics course at the University of Wisconsin. These data include sex, height, number of years in college, and
Referring to Exercise 2.100, plot the dot diagrams of heights separately for the male and female students and compare.
Refer to the data on power outages in Table D. 1 in the Data Bank. Make a Pareto chart for the cause of the outage.
The dollar amounts claimed by businessmen for their lunches are to be grouped into the following classes: 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20 or more. The left endpoint is included. Is it possible to
Mung bean sprouts are more widely used in Asian cooking than the beans themselves. To study their growth, an experimenter presoaked some beans until they sprouted about 1 millimeter. Five were
The weights of twenty adult grizzly bears captured and released are summarized in the computer output(a) Locate two measures of center tendency, or location, and interpret the values. (b) Locate the
The stem-and-leaf display given here shows the final examination scores of students in a sociology course. (Leaf unit = 1.0)(a) Find the median score. (b) Find the quartiles Q1 and Q3. (c) What
The following are the numbers of passengers on the minibus tour of Hollywood.(a) Find the sample median. (b) Find the sample mean. (c) Find the sample variance.
The following table shows the age at inauguration of each U.S. president.(a) Make a stem-and-leaf display with a double stem. (b) Find the median, Q1 and Q3.
(a) Calculate and s for the data 6, 8, 4, 9, 8.(b) Consider the data set 106, 108, 104, 109, 108, which is obtained by adding 100 to each number given in part (a). Use your results of part (a) and
On flights from San Francisco to Chicago, the number of empty seats are to be grouped into the following classes: 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, more than 19. Is it possible to determine from this frequency
The boxplot and summary statistics for data from 48 student on the time spent, in minutes, at a social network site the previous day are(a) From the boxplot, determine whether or not the distribution
In a genetic study, a regular food was placed in each of 20 vials and the number of flies of a particular genotype feeding on each vial recorded. The counts of flies were also recorded for another
The data below were obtained from a detailed record of purchases of toothpaste over several years (courtesy of A. Banerjee). The usage times (in weeks) per ounce of toothpaste for a household taken
To study how first-grade students utilize their time when assigned to a math task, a researcher observes 24 students and records their times off-task out of 20 minutes. The dotplot appears on page
The following summary statistics were obtained from a data set. = 80.5 Median = 84.0 s = 10.5 Q1 = 75.5 Q3 = 96.0 Approximately what proportion of the observations are: (a) Below 96.0? (b) Above
The 50 measurements of acid rain in Wisconsin, whose histogram is given on page 23 are(a) Calculate the median and quartiles.(b) Find the 90th percentile.(c) Determine the mean and standard
Refer to Exercise 2.115.(a) Determine the intervals ± s, ± 2 s, and ± 3 s.(b) What proportions of the measurements lie in those intervals?(c) Compare your findings with the
Refer to the earthquake size data in Exercise 2.20.(a) Calculate the median and quartiles.(b) Calculate the mean and standard deviation.(c) Display the data in the form of a boxplot.In Exercise 2.20
The Dow Jones average provides an indication of overall market level. The changes in this average, from year end, from 1969 to 1970 through 2010 to 2011 are summarized in the following frequency
The winning times of the men's 400-meter freestyle swimming in the Olympics (1964 to 2012) appear in the following table.(a) Draw a dot diagram and label the points according to time order. (b)
A major West Coast power company surveyed 50 customers who were asked to respond to the statement, "People should rely mainly on themselves to solve problems caused by power outages" with one of the
With reference to the lightning data in Exercise 2.121,(a) Make a time plot of the data.(b) Comment on the appropriateness of presenting the mean and standard deviation as summaries.In Exercise 2.121
Find and s for:(a) The lizard data in Exercise 2.19.(b) The acid rain data in Exercise 2.115.
Lumber intended for building houses and other structures must be monitored for strength. The measurement of strength (pounds per square inch) for 61 specimens of Southern Pine (Source: U.S. Forest
Find and 5 for the final times to run 1.5 miles in Table D.5 in the Data Bank.
The salmon fisheries support a primary industry in Alaska and their management is of high priority. Salmon are born in freshwater rivers and streams but then swim out into the ocean for a few years
Refer to the alligator data in Table D.11 of the Data Bank. Using the data on xs for thirty seven alligators: (a) Make a histogram. (b) Obtain the sample mean and standard deviation.
A sample of 50 departing airline passengers at the main check-in counter produced the following number of bags checked through to final destinations.(a) Make a relative frequency line diagram. (b)
Refer to Exercise 2.129. (a) Obtain the quartiles. (b) Obtain the 90th percentile. How many of the alligators above the 90th percentile are female?
Refer to the data on malt extract in Table D.8 of the Data Bank. (a) Obtain sample mean and standard deviation. (b) Obtain quartiles. (c) Check conformity with the empirical rule.
A person with asthma took measurements by blowing into a peak-flow meter on seven consecutive days.Display the data in a dot diagram.
Before microwave ovens are sold, the manufacturer must check to ensure that the radiation coming through the door is below a specified safe limit. The amounts of radiation leakage (mW/cm2) with the
A campus area merchant recorded the number of bad checks received per month, for five monthsDisplay the data in a dot diagram.
The city of Madison regularly checks the water quality at swimming beaches located on area lakes. The concentration of fecal coli forms, in number of colony forming units (CFU) per 100 ml of water,
Tornadoes kill many people every year in the United States. The yearly number of lives lost during the 50 years 1962 through 2011 are summarized in the following table.Number of Deaths Frequency24 or
A zoologist collected wild lizards in the Southwestern United States. Thirty lizards from the genus Phrynosoma were placed on a treadmill and their speed measured. The recorded speed (meters/second)
Recorded here are the blood types of 40 persons who have volunteered to donate blood at a plasma center. Summarize the data in a frequency table. Include calculations of the relative frequencies.
The United States Geological Survey maintains data on large earthquakes including those of magnitude greater than 6.0 in California. Through 2010, the ordered magnitudes of the 57 quakes areConstruct
Referring to Exercise 2.20, construct a density histogram using the intervals (6.0, 6.3), (6.3, 6.6), (6.6, 6.9), (6.9, 7.2), and (7.2, 7.9).
The following data represent the scores of 40 students on a college qualification test (courtesy of R. W. Johnson).Make a stem-and-leaf display.
A federal government study of the oil reserves in Elk Hills, CA, included a study of the amount of iron present in the oil.Make a stem-and-leaf display.
The following is a stem-and-leaf display with two-digit leaves. (The leading leaf digit = 10.0.)List the corresponding measurements.
If there are too many leaves on some stems in a stem-and-leaf display, we might double the number of stems. The leaves 0-4 could hang on one stem and 5-9 on the repeated stem. For the observationswe
If the double-stem display still has too few stems, we may wish to construct a stem and-leaf display with a separate stem to hold leaves 0 and 1, 2 and 3, 4 and 5, 6 and 7, and a stem to hold 8 and
The following table lists values of the Consumer Price Index for 24 selected areas both for 2007 and 2011. Construct a five-stem display for the consumer price index in 2011.
Calculate the mean and median for each of the following data sets.(a)(b)
Calculate the mean and median for each of the following data sets.(a)(b)(c)
A student at the University of Wisconsin surveyed 40 students in her dorm concerning their participation in extracurricular activities during the past week. The data on number of activities
The height that bread rises may be one indicator of how light it will be. As a first step, before modifying her existing recipe, a student cook measured the raise height (cm) on eight occasions:Find
With reference to the water quality in Exercise 2.17:(a) Find the sample mean.(b) Does the sample mean or the median give a better indication of the water quality of a "typical" day? Why?
The monthly income in dollars for seven sales persons at a car dealership are(a) Calculate the mean and median salary. (b) Which of the two is preferable as a measure of center and why?
A sample of six university students responded to the question, "How much time, in minutes, did you spend on the social network site yesterday?" One student never used the site and was dropped from
With reference to the radiation leakage data given in Exercise 2.15: (a) Calculate the sample mean. (b) Which gives a better indication of the amount of radiation leakage, the sample mean or the
In 2012 there were nine skyscrapers in the world over 300 meters tall. The ordered values of height are(a) Calculate the sample mean height for the nine skyscrapers.(b) Drop the largest value and
The weights (oz) of nineteen babies born in Madison, Wisconsin, are summarized in the computer outputLocate two measures of center tendency, or location, and interpret the values.
With reference to the extracurricular activities data in Exercise 2.3, obtain the(a) Sample mean.(b) Sample median.(c) Comment on the effect of a large observation.
With reference to the number of returns in Example 4, obtain the sample (a) Mean(b) Median.
The number of automobile accidents reported per month helps to identify intersections that require improvement. The number of crashes per month reported at an intersection near a university campus in
Old Faithful, the most famous geyser in Yellowstone Park, had the following durations (measured in seconds) in six consecutive eruptions:(a) Find the sample median. (b) Find the sample mean.
Loss of calcium is a serious problem for older women. To investigate the amount of loss, a researcher measured the initial amount of bone mineral content in the radius bone of the dominant hand of
Physical education researchers interested in the development of the over arm throw measured the horizontal velocity of a thrown ball at the time of release. The results for first-grade children (in
If you were to use the data on the length of major league baseball games in Exercise 2.43 to estimate the total amount of digital memory needed to film another 10 major league baseball games, which
The following measurements of the diameters (in feet) of Indian mounds in southern Wisconsin were gathered by examining reports in the Wisconsin Archaeologist (courtesy of J. Williams).(a) Create a
With reference to Exercise 2.3, calculate the quartiles.In Exercise 2.3A student at the University of Wisconsin surveyed 40 students in her dorm concerning their participation in extracurricular
Refer to the data of college qualification test scores given in Exercise 2.22. (a) Find the median. (b) Find Q1 and Q3.

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