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Questions and Answers of
Statistics
Using the president/opponent heights, find the best predicted height of an opponent of a president who is 190 cm tall. Does it appear that heights of opponents can be predicted from the heights of
In each case, find the regression equation, letting the first variable be the predictor (x) variable. Find the indicated predicted value by following the prediction procedure summarized in Figure
In each case, find the regression equation, letting the first variable be the predictor (x) variable. Find the indicated predicted value by following the prediction procedure summarized in Figure
Use the same Appendix B data sets as Exercises 29-32 in Section 10-1. In each case, find the regression equation, letting the first variable be the predictor (x) variable. Find the indicated
a. What is a residual? b. In what sense is the regression line the straight line that "best" fits the points in a scatter plot?
What is the relationship between the linear correlation coefficient r and the slope b1 of a regression line?
For a year with 850,000 (x = 85) registered boats in Florida, identify the 95% prediction interval estimate of the number of manatee fatalities resulting from encounters with boats. Write a statement
Boats Use x = 85 (for 850,000 registered boats) with a 99% confidence level? Use the paired data consisting of registered Florida boats (tens of thousands) and manatee fatalities from boat encounters
Boats Use x = 98 (for 960,000 registered boats) with a 95% confidence level? Use the paired data consisting of registered Florida boats (tens of thousands) and manatee fatalities from boat encounters
Boats Use x = 96 (for 960,000 registered boats) with a 95% confidence level? Use the paired data consisting of registered Florida boats (tens of thousands) and manatee fatalities from boat encounters
Boats Use x = 87 (for 870,000 registered boats) with a 99% confidence level? Use the paired data consisting of registered Florida boats (tens of thousands) and manatee fatalities from boat encounters
The table below lists numbers of cricket chirps in 1 minute and the temperature in °F. For the prediction interval, use 1000 chirps in 1 minute and use a 90% confidence level.Find the(a) Explained
A random sample of 118 different female statistics students is obtained and their weights are measured in kilograms and in pounds. Using the 118 paired weights (weight in kg, weight in lb), what is
Crickets and Temperature r = 0.874 (x = number of cricket chirps in 1 minute, y = temperature in °F)? Use the value of the linear correlation coefficient r to find the coefficient of determination
Pizza and Subways r = 0.992 (x = cost of a slice of pizza, y = subway fare in New York City)? Use the value of the linear correlation coefficient r to find the coefficient of determination and the
Weight / Waist r = 0.885 (x = weight of male, y = waist size of male)? Use the value of the linear correlation coefficient r to find the coefficient of determination and the percentage of the total
Bears r = 0.783 (x = head width of a bear, y = weight of a bear)? Use the value of the linear correlation coefficient r to find the coefficient of determination and the percentage of the total
We want to consider the correlation between heights of fathers and mothers and the heights of their sons. Refer to the Stat-Crunch display and answer the given questions or identify the indicated
We want to consider the correlation between heights of fathers and mothers and the heights of their sons. Refer to the Stat-Crunch display and answer the given questions or identify the indicated
Listed below are mean amounts of carbon dioxide concentrations (parts per million) in our atmosphere for each decade, beginning with the 1880s. Find the best model and then predict the value for
The Dirt Guy Topsoil company in Durham, CT, sells (you guessed it) topsoil. It is sold by the "yard," which is actually a cubic yard, and the variable x is the length (yd) of each side of a cube of
The table below lists measured amounts (mg) of tar, carbon monoxide (CO), and nicotine in king size cigarettes of different brands (from Data Set 13 "Cigarette Contents" in Appendix B).a. Is there is
Use a 0.05 significance level to test for a linear correlation between the DJIA values and the sunspot numbers. Is the result as you expected? Should anyone consider investing in stocks based on
Using only the sunspot numbers, identify the highest number and convert it to a z score. In the context of these sample data, is that highest value "significantly high"? Why or why not?Listed below
The mean sunspot number for the past three centuries is 49.7. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the eight listed sunspot numbers are from a population with a mean equal to
In the author's home town of Madison, CT, there were 2733 police traffic stops in a recent year, and 7% of them were attributable to improper use of cell phones. Use a 0.05 significance level to test
The table below shows the distribution of the ages of moviegoers (based on data from the Motion Picture Association of America). Use the data to estimate the mean, standard deviation, and variance of
The table below lists leading digits of 317 inter-arrival Internet traffic times for a computer, along with the frequencies of leading digits expected with Benford's law (from Table 11-1 in the
The author recorded all digits selected in California's Daily 4 Lottery for the 60 days preceding the time that this exercise was created. The frequencies of the digits from 0 through 9 are 21, 30,
Data Set 4 "Births" includes the days of the weeks that prospective mothers were admitted to a hospital to give birth. A physician claims that because many births are induced or involve cesarean
Data Set 4 "Births" includes the days of the weeks that newborn babies were discharged from the hospital. A hospital administrator claims that such discharges occur on the seven different days of the
When using the data from Exercise 1 to test for goodness-of-fit with the distribution described by Benford's law, identify the null and alternative hypotheses.Data From Exercise 1
Data Set 1 "Body Data" in Appendix B includes weights (kg) of 300 subjects. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the sample is from a population of weights in which the last digits do
What do the results from the preceding exercises suggest about the possibility that the computer has been hacked? Is there any corrective action that should be taken?
Researchers investigated the issue of race and equality of access to clinical trials. The following table shows the population distribution and the numbers of participants in clinical trials
Experiments are conducted with hybrids of two types of peas. If the offspring follow Mendel's theory of inheritance, the seeds that are produced are yellow smooth, green smooth, yellow wrinkled, and
The accompanying table is from a study conducted with the stated objective of addressing cell phone safety by understanding why we use a particular ear for cell phone use. (See "Hemispheric Dominance
The accompanying table lists results of overtime football games before and after the overtime rule was changed in the National Football League in 2011. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim
California, Connecticut, and New York are states with laws requiring that cars have license plates on the front and rear. The author randomly selected cars in those states and the results are given
Is the hypothesis test described in Exercise 1 right tailed, left-tailed, or two-tailed? Explain your choice.
In a study of high school students at least 16 years of age, researchers obtained survey results summarized in the accompanying table (based on data from "Texting While Driving and Other Risky Motor
In a study of high school students at least 16 years of age, researchers obtained survey results summarized in the accompanying table (based on data from "Texting While Driving and Other Risky Motor
In a study of the "denomination effect," 43 college students were each given one dollar in the form of four quarters, while 46 other college students were each given one dollar in the form of a
The table below lists motor vehicle fatalities by day of the week for a recent year (based on data from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety). Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim
The table below shows results from a study in which some patients were treated with fillings that contain mercury and others were treated with fillings that do not contain mercury (based on data from
For a recent year, the numbers of weather-related U.S. deaths for each month were 28, 17, 12, 24, 88, 61, 104, 32, 20, 13, 26, 25 (listed in order beginning with January). Use a 0.01 significance
In a survey sponsored by the Lindt chocolate company, 1708 women were surveyed and 85% of them said that chocolate made them happier. a. Is there anything potentially wrong with this survey? b. Of
Use the results from part (b) of Cumulative Review Exercise 2 to construct a 99% confidence interval estimate of the percentage of women who say that chocolate makes them happier. Write a brief
Use the results from part (b) of Cumulative Review Exercise 2 to test the claim that when asked, more than 80% of women say that chocolate makes them happier. Use a 0.01 significance level.
Using the pulse rates of males from Data Set 1 "Body Data" in Appendix B after they are partitioned into the three age brackets of 18-25, 26-40, and 41-80, we get the following SPSS display. Using a
Listed below are amounts of arsenic in samples of brown rice from three different states. The amounts are in micrograms of arsenic and all samples have the same serving size. The data are from the
Listed below are departure delay times (minutes) for American Airline flights from New York to Los Angeles. Negative values correspond to flights that departed early. Use a 0.05 significance level to
Listed below are attribute ratings of males by females who participated in speed dating events (from Data Set 18 "Speed Dating" in Appendix B). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that
Refer to Data Set 28 "Chocolate Chip Cookies" in Appendix B and use the counts of chocolate chips from the three different types of Chips Ahoy cookies. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim
Data Set 25 "Fast Food" in Appendix B lists drive through service times (seconds) for dinners at McDonald's, Burger King, and Wendy's. Using those times with a TI-83>84 Plus calculator yields the
Data Set 4 "Births" in Appendix B lists birth weights from babies born at Albany Medical Center, Bellevue Hospital in New York City, Olean General Hospital, and Strong Memorial Hospital in Rochester,
Using the pulse rates of females from Data Set 1 "Body Data" in Appendix B after they are partitioned into the three age brackets of 18-25, 26-40, and 41-80, we get the following Statdisk display.
a. What is an interaction between two factors?b. In general, when using two-way analysis of variance, if we find that there is an interaction effect, how does that affect the procedure?c. Shown below
If we use the data given in Exercise 1 with two-way analysis of variance, we get the accompanying display. What do you conclude?
The weights (kg) in the following table are from Data Set 1 "Body Data" in Appendix B. Results from two-way analysis of variance are also shown. Use the displayed results and use a 0.05 significance
The heights (cm) in the following table are from Data Set 1 "Body Data" in Appendix B. Results from two-way analysis of variance are also shown. Use the displayed results and use a 0.05 significance
Listed below are New York City Marathon running times (in seconds) for randomly selected runners who completed the marathon. Are the running times affected by an interaction between gender and age
Data Set 18 "Speed Dating" in Appendix B lists attribute ratings of females by males who participated in speed dating events, and some of those values are included in the table on the top of the next
Data Set 19 "Car Crash Tests" in Appendix B lists results from car crash tests. The data set includes crash test loads (pounds) on the left femur and right femur. When those loads are partitioned
Listed below are attribute ratings of males by females who participated in speed dating events (from Data Set 18 "Speed Dating" in Appendix B). Use a 0.05 significance level to apply the methods of
Include appropriate units in all answers.a. Find the mean for each of the three flights.b. Find the standard deviation for each of the three flights.c. Find the variance for each of the three
Treating the data as samples from larger populations, test the claim that there is a difference between the mean departure delay time for Flight 3 and Flight 21.Refer to the following list of
The accompanying normal quantile plot was obtained from the Flight 19 departure delay times. What does this graph tell us?Refer to the following list of departure delay times (min) of American
Use the departure delay times for Flight 3 and construct a 95% confidence interval estimate of the population mean. Write a brief statement that interprets the confidence interval.Refer to the
The XLSTAT display below results from using the one-way analysis of variance test with the three samples.a. What is the null hypothesis?b. Assuming a 0.05 significance level, what conclusion is
Assume that weights of quarters minted after 1964 are normally distributed with a mean of 5.670 g and a standard deviation of 0.062 g (based on U.S. Mint specifications). a. Find the probability that
Shown below is a histogram of digits selected in California's Win 4 lottery. Each drawing involves the random selection (with replacement) of four digits between 0 and 9 inclusive.a. What is
A random sample of 860 births in New York State included 426 boys and 434 girls. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that when babies are born, boys and girls are equally likely. Use the
Before the overtime rule in the National Football League was changed in 2011, among 460 overtime games, 252 were won by the team that won the coin toss at the beginning of overtime. Using a 0.05
Listed below are "attribute" ratings made by couples participating in a speed dating session. Each attribute rating is the sum of the ratings of five attributes (sincerity, intelligence, fun,
Listed below are "attractiveness" ratings (1 = not attractive; 10 = extremely attractive) made by couples participating in a speed dating session. The listed ratings are from Data Set 18 "Speed
Repeat Exercise 5 using all of the attribute ratings in Data Set 18 "Speed Dating" in Appendix B.Exercise5Use the sign test for the data consisting of matched pairs. Data Set 18
Repeat Exercise 6 using all of the attractiveness ratings in Data Set 18 "Speed Dating" in Appendix B.Exercise 6Use the sign test for the data consisting of matched pairs. Data Set 18
Newsweek conducted a poll in which respondents were asked if they "favor or oppose using federal tax dollars to fund medical research using stem cells obtained from human embryos." Of those polled,
The table below lists body temperatures of seven subjects at 8 AM and at 12 AM (from Data Set 3 "Body Temperatures in Appendix B). The data are matched pairs because each pair of temperatures is
Exercise 12 uses Data Set 23 "Old Faithful" in Appendix B, and the sample size is 250. a. If we have sample paired data with 250 nonzero differences, what are the smallest and largest possible values
For the matched pairs listed in Exercise 1, identify the following components used in the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test: a. Differences d b. The ranks corresponding to the nonzero values of | d | c. The
Example 1 in this section used samples of course evaluations, and the table below lists student evaluations of female professors and male professors (from Data Set 17 "Course Evaluations" in Appendix
Repeat Exercise 5 "Student Evaluations of Professors" using all of the student evaluations of professors given in Data Set 17 "Course Evaluations" in Appendix B.Exercise 5Use the sample data given in
Listed on the top of the next page are attribute ratings of males by females who participated in speed dating events (from Data Set 18 "Speed Dating" in Appendix B ). In using the Kruskal-Wallis
Data Set 4 "Births" in Appendix B lists birth weights from babies born at Albany Medical Center, Bellevue Hospital in New York City, Olean General Hospital, and Strong Memorial Hospital in Rochester,
Refer to Data Set 28 "Chocolate Chip Cookies" in Appendix B and use the counts of chocolate chips from the three different types of Chips Ahoy cookies. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim
Listed below are amounts of arsenic in samples of brown rice from three different states. The amounts are in micrograms of arsenic and all samples have the same serving size. The data are from the
Data Set 25 "Fast Food" in Appendix B lists drive through service times (seconds) for dinners at McDonald's, Burger King, and Wendy's. Using a 0.05 significance level, test the claim that the three
Use CPI/subway data from the preceding exercise to test for a correlation between the CPI (Consumer Price Index) and the subway fare. Use the rank correlation coefficient to test for a correlation
Repeat Exercise 7 using all of the paired chocolate / Nobel data in Data Set 16 "Nobel Laureates and Chocolate" in Appendix B.Exercise 7Use the data in Appendix B to test for rank correlation with a
Refer to Data Set 8 "IQ and Brain Size" in Appendix B and test for a correlation between brain volume (cm3) and IQ score.Use the data in Appendix B to test for rank correlation with a 0.05
Which of the levels of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) describe data that cannot be used with the methods of rank correlation? Explain.
The table below lists chocolate consumption (kg per capita) and the numbers of Nobel Laureates (per 10 million people) for several different countries (from Data Set 16 in Appendix B). Is there a
The "pizza connection" is the principle that the price of a slice of pizza in New York City is always about the same as the subway fare. Use the data listed below to determine whether there is a
Can the runs test be used to show the proportion of Republicans is significantly greater than the proportion of Democrats? Use the following sequence of political party affiliations of recent
Repeat Example 2 "Randomness of Births" using the births from Data Set 4 "Births" in Appendix B for the genders of births at Strong Memorial Hospital instead of Bellevue Hospital Center. Again use a
Given the sequence of data, if we fail to reject randomness, does it follow that the sampling method is suitable for statistical methods? Explain. Use the following sequence of political party
Listed below are numbers of law enforcement fatalities for 20 recent and consecutive years. First find the mean, identify each value as being above the mean (A) or below the mean (B), then test for
Listed below are job stress scores and median annual salaries (thousands of dollars) for various jobs, including firefighters, airline pilots, police officers, and university professors (based on
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