Nine experts rated two brands of Colombian coffee in a taste-testing experiment. A rating on a 7-point scale (1 = extremely unpleasing, 7 = extremely pleasing) is given for each of four characteristics: taste, aroma, richness, and acidity. The following data stored in Coffee contain the ratings accumulated over all four characteristics:

a. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the mean ratings between the two brands?
b. What assumption is necessary about the population distribution in order to perform this test?
c. Determine the p-value in (a) and interpret its meaning.
d. Construct and interpret a 95% confidence interval estimate of the difference in the mean ratings between the two brands.

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Brand Expert A B C.C. 24 26 S.E. 27 27 E.G9 22 B.L. 24 27 C.M. 22 25 C.N. 26 27 G.N. 27 26 R.М. 25 27 P.V 22 23