A passive solar house that is losing heat to the outdoors at 5°C at an average rate of 50,000 kJ/h is maintained at 22°C at all times during a winter night for 10 h. The house is to be heated by 50 glass containers, each containing 20 L of water that is heated to 80°C during the day by absorbing solar energy. A thermostat-controlled 15-Kw back-up electric resistance heater turns on whenever necessary to keep the house at 22°C. Determine
(a) How long the electric heating system was on that night,
(b) The energy destruction, and
(c) The minimum work input required for that night, in kJ.