Perfect Fit operates a chain of 10 retail department stores. Each department store makes its own purchasing decisions. Carl Hart, assistant to the president of Perfect Fit, is interested in better understanding the drivers of purchasing department costs. For many years, Perfect Fit has allocated purchasing department costs to products on the basis of the dollar value of merchandise purchased. A $100 item is allocated 10 times as many overhead costs associated with the purchasing department as a $10 item.

Hart recently attended a seminar titled "Cost Drivers in the Retail Industry." In a presentation at the seminar, Kaliko Fabrics, a leading competitor that has implemented activity-based costing, reported number of purchase orders and number of suppliers to be the two most important cost drivers of purchasing department costs. The dollar value of merchandise purchased in each purchase order was not found to be a significant cost driver. Hart interviewed several members of the purchasing department at the Perfect Fit store in Miami. They believed that Kaliko Fabrics' conclusions also applied to their purchasing department. Hart collects the following data for the most recent year for Perfect Fit's 10 retail department stores:

Hart decides to use simple regression analysis to examine whether one or more of three variables (the last three columns in the table) are cost drivers of purchasing department costs. Summary results for these regressions are as follows:
Regression 1: PDC = a + (b * MP$)

Regression 2: PDC = a + (b * No. of POs)

Regression 3: PDC = a + (b * No. of Ss)

1. Compare and evaluate the three simple regression models estimated by Hart. Graph each one. Also, use the format employed in Exhibit 10-18 (page 406) to evaluate the information.
2. Do the regression results support the Kaliko Fabrics' presentation about the purchasing department's cost drivers? Which of these cost drivers would you recommend in designing an ABC system?
3. How might Hart gain additional evidence on drivers of purchasing department costs at each of Perfect Fit's stores?

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Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Purchasing Dollar Value ofNumber of Department Merchandise Purchased Purchase Orders Number of Suppliers Costs PDC) 1 Department Store 2Baltimore 3 Chica 4 Los An 5 Miami (MP$ No. of POs)(No. of Ss) $1,522,00068307,000 33,463,000 121,800,000 119,450,000 33,575,000 29,836,000 102,840,000 38,725,000 139,300,000 130,110,000 4,345 2,548 1,420 5,935 2,786 1,334 7,581 3,623 1,712 4,736 125 1,095,000 542,000 2,053,000 1,068,000 517,000 1,544,000 1,761,000 1,605,000 1,263,000 188 6 New York 7 Phoenix 8 Seattle 9 St. Louis 10 Toronto 11 Vancouver 101 127 196 t-Value 3.00 Variable Coefficient Standard Error $346,709 Constant Independent variable 1: MPS r20.08; Durbin-Watson statistic $1,041,421 0.0031 0.0038 2.41 Variable Coefficient $722,538 $ 159.48 Standard Error Constant Independent variable 1: No. of POs r2 0.43 Durbin-Watson statistic 1.97 t-Value 2.72 2.46 S265,835 $ 64.84 Variable Constant Independent variable 1: No. of Ss r20.39 Durbin-Watson statistic Coefficient $828,814 S 3,816 Standard Error $246,571 $ 1,698 t-Value 3.36 2.25 2.01