Pressure drop required for a pipe with fittings. What pressure drop is needed for pumping water at 20^oC through a pipe of 25 cm diameter and 1234 m length at a rate of 1.97 m/s? The pipe is at the same elevation through out and contains four standard radius 90^o elbows and two 45^o elbows. The resistance of a standard radius 90^o elbow is roughly equivalent to that offered by a pipe whose length is 82 diameters; a 45^o elbow, 15 diameters. (An alternative method for calculating losses in fittings is given in S7.5).