Which of the following would strengthen organizational control over large-scale data processing center?

a. requiring the user departments to specify the general control standards necessary for processing transactions.

b. requiring that requests and instructions for data processing services be submitted directly to the computer operator in the data center.

c. having the database administrator report to the manager of computer operations.

d. assigning maintenance responsibility to the original system designer who best knows. its logic.

e. none of the above.