Bock (1975, TheoremA) established that for X N(, I K ) then for any scalar function
Question:
Bock (1975, TheoremA) established that for X » N(µ, I K ) then for any scalar function g (x)
E
£
Xh
¡
X0X
¢¤
Æ µE[h (QKÅ2)]
where QKÅ2 » Â2 KÅ2(¸). Assume bµ » N(µ, I K ) and eµJS Æ
µ
1¡
K ¡2 bµ0bµ
¶
bµ.
(a) Use Bock’s result to calculate E
·
1 bµ0bµ
bµ
¸
. You can represent your answer using the function JK .
(b) Calculate the bias of eµJS.
(c) Describe the bias. Is the estimator biased downwards, upwards, or towards zero?
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