An article in Urban Ecosystems, Urbanization and Warming of Phoenix (Arizona, USA): Impacts, Feedbacks and Mitigation (2002,

An article in Urban Ecosystems, €œUrbanization and Warming of Phoenix (Arizona, USA): Impacts, Feedbacks and Mitigation€ (2002, Vol. 6, pp. 183€“203), mentions that Phoenix is ideal to study the effects of an urban heat island because it has grown from a population of 300,000 to approximately 3 million over the last 50 years, which is a period with a continuous, detailed climate record. The 50-year averages of the mean annual temperatures at eight sites in Phoenix follow. Check the assumption of normality in the population with a probability plot. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the standard deviation over the sites of the mean annual temperatures.

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Average Mean Temperature (°C) Site Sky Harbor Airport 23.3 Phoenix Greenway 21.7 Phoenix Encanto 21.6 Waddell 21.7 Litchfield 21.3 Laveen 20.7 Maricopa 20.9 Harlquahala 20.1