Consider the water distribution system with only one primary pump as depicted in Figure Ex 8.1 . Determine the horsepower of the primary pump and check the settings of the valves for various secondary loops to balance the system. Determine the best primary/secondary pumping arrangement for retrofitting the water distribution system. Estimate the total energy cost savings from the retrofit assuming the system is operated 5,000 hours per year and that the cost of energy is $0.08/kWh. Assume the pump efficiency to be 70 percent and the motor efficiency to be 90 percent.

Figure Ex 8.1

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Three-pass, firebox type