For each of the following situations, identify the type I and type II errors and the correct actions.

(a) H0: A new treatment is not more effective than the traditional one.

(1) Adopt the new treatment when the new one is more effective.

(2) Continue with the traditional treatment when the new one is more effective.

(3) Continue with the traditional treatment when the new one is not more effective.

(4) Adopt the new treatment when the new one is not more effective.

(b) H0: A new physical therapy procedure is satisfactory.

(1) Employ a new procedure when it is unsatisfactory.

(2) Do not employ a new procedure when it is unsatisfactory.

(3) Do not employ a new procedure when it is satisfactory.

(4) Employ a new procedure when it is satisfactory.

(c) H0: A production run of a drug is of satisfactory quality.

(1) Reject a run of satisfactory quality.

(2) Accept a run of satisfactory quality.

(3) Reject a run of unsatisfactory quality.

(4) Accept a run of unsatisfactory quality.

For each of the studies described in Exercises 40 through 55, do the following:

(a) Perform a statistical analysis of the data (including hypothesis testing and confidence interval construction) that you think would yield useful information for the researchers.

(b) State all assumptions that are necessary to validate your analysis.

(c) Find p values for all computed test statistics.

(d) Describe the population(s) about which you think inferences based on your analysis would be applicable.