In the article “Tensile strength of mineralized/demineralized human normal and carious dentin” published in Journal of Dental Research (Nishitani et al., 2005), the authors reported the results of a 23 three-factor experiment on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of human dentin. The factors studied in this experiment were dentin (carious, normal), mineralization (demineralized, mineralized), and direction

(parallel, perpendicular), and each of the eight treatments was replicated 10 times. Use the table of ????-values given in Table 12.48 and the table of means given in Table 12.49 to answer the following:

(a) On the basis of ????-ratios and ????-values in Table 12.48, which means should be separated?

(b) How many pairwise comparisons are needed to separate the eight treatment means?

(c) If the Bonferroni critical ????-value is ????Crit = 3.24, compute the Bonferroni distance ???? for separating the treatment means.

(d) Separate the eight treatment means and summarize using the underline notation.