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business
business statistics a first course

Questions and Answers of Business Statistics A First Course

4.70 To test the effectiveness of a new type of plastic handcuffs, a law enforcement agency puts the cuffs on a sample of 30 persons who belong to the local weightlifting club. None is able to break
4.69 According to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, 27%of U.S. adults are college graduates. In a stratifi ed sample of 200 U.S. adults, approximately how many persons in each of the following
4.68 Researchers at a university with an enrollment of 12,000 take a census of the entire student population, asking, “Shoplifting is not only illegal, it raises the prices that we all have to pay.
4.67 A researcher wants to fi nd out to what extent local residents participate in the recreation and entertainment activities available in their community. She selects a simple random sample of
4.66 Visit google.com and search message boards for postings that pertain to Sony digital cameras. Given the kinds of discussions that take place in such settings, what benefi ts could Sony obtain by
4.65 One of the capabilities on the Internet is called“reverse lookup.” Enter the residential telephone number for someone you know. Evaluate the accuracy of the name and address provided, along
4.64 Using the U.S. Bureau of the Census (census.gov) as your starting point, use the links it provides and fi nd the most recent population total for Canada.
4.63 Visit the U.S. Bureau of the Census (census.gov), and fi nd the following descriptive statistics for Kalamazoo County, Michigan:a. Of those who are 25 or older, the percentage who are high
4.62 Shirley will be graduating soon and is anticipating job offers from several national-level corporations. Depending on the company she joins, she could end up living in any of four different
4.61 In general, what are some of the considerations in evaluating the suitability of data that have been generated by someone else? For what types of sources should secondary data be regarded with
4.60 When customers purchase goods at a Radio Shack store, they are typically asked for their name and phone number so their purchase information can be stored. This would be one portion of the vast
4.59 Using either the Internet or the Encyclopedia of Associations, identify a group or organization that might be able to supply information ona. the popularity of bowling.b. child abuse in the
4.58 A security offi cer uses a one-way mirror to watch department store shoppers and identify potential shoplifters. In addition to observing whether a person is attempting to steal merchandise,
4.57 Timetech, Inc., has been experimenting with different approaches to improving the performance of its fi eld sales force. In a test involving salespersons in Maine, the company found that giving
4.56 The curator of a fossil museum fi nds there were 1450 visitors in May and 1890 visitors in June. At the beginning of June, he had hired Bert McGruff, a popular local athlete, to serve as a tour
4.55 A mail survey of junior executives is designed to measure how much time they spend reading The Wall Street Journal each day and how they feel about the newspaper’s content and layout.
4.54 To collect information on how well it is serving its customers, a restaurant places questionnaire cards on the tables, with card deposit boxes located near the exit.a. Do you think that
4.53 In an attempt to measure the availability of component parts for a new product line, a manufacturer mails a questionnaire to 15 of the 25 companies that supply these components. Past experience
4.52 For each of the following report titles, indicate whether the study involved was exploratory, descriptive, causal, or predictive, and explain your reasoning.a. “The Popularity of Bowling as a
4.51 A labor union offi cial has considered three possible negotiating stances that the union might take during upcoming contract negotiations. Members of the rank and fi le, on the other hand, could
4.50 The Sonic Travel Agency has not kept pace with the current boom in family vacation air travel between the agency’s northern city and sunny Florida. For each of the following, indicate whether
4.49 A study found that the average American buys 4.6 movie tickets per year, compared to an average of 3.2 in Ireland. Assuming that the data values in file XR04049 represent the number of movie
4.48 Given the honeymoon expenditures for the 300 couples in Exercise 3.66 (file XR03066), generate a simple random sample consisting of 30 data values.
4.47 Given the 250 household electricity expenditures in Exercise 3.65 (file XR03065), generate a simple random sample consisting of 30 data values.
4.46 The manufacturer of a fast-drying, highly effective glue is concerned about the possibility that some users might accidentally glue their fingers together, raising potential legal problems for
4.45 What is meant by periodicity, and how can this present a problem when taking a systematic sample?Provide an example of a systematic sampling situation where periodicity could be a factor.
4.44 Using the random number table in Appendix A, select a simple random sample of 5 from the 50 states of the United States.
4.43 For each of the following situations, would you recommend a sample or a census? Explain your reasoning in each case.a. A purchasing agent has just received a shipment of shock-resistant watches
4.42 What is the difference between a probability sample and a nonprobability sample? Which type is necessary if we wish to statistically generalize from the sample to the population?
4.41 In what way are the quota sample and the stratified sample similar? In what way are they different? What effect does this difference have on the applications for which such samples might be
4.40 Differentiate between a judgment sample and a convenience sample.
4.39 To obtain a sample of the invoices over the past year, a clerk uses the computer to select all invoice numbers that are a multiple of 13. If the invoice numbers are sequential, beginning with 1,
4.38 Attendees at an industrial trade show are given the opportunity to fill out a card that entitles them to receive a free software package from the sponsoring firm. The cards are placed in a bin,
4.32 A firm has 750 production employees and wishes to select a simple random sample of 40 workers to participate in a quality-assurance training program.
4.31 Using a search engine and the key words “spy equipment,” identify some of the high-tech gadgets that companies or individuals can use in carrying out industrial espionage on other companies
4.30 Using one or more search engines and key words of your choice, find (a) a website that reports the average life span of Saint Bernard dogs and (b) a website that advises business professionals
4.29 Using whitepages.com, find out how many telephone listings are in your state for people with the same last name as yours. How many listings are there in your hometown for people named Smith?
4.28 Visit google.com and search message boards for postings that pertain to (a) a professional sports team and (b) a hobby or recreational activity of your choice.
4.27 Referring to each company’s online annual report, find the number of employees and net income in the most recent fiscal year for Coca-Cola, McDonald’s, and Microsoft.
4.26 Repeat Exercise 4.25, but obtain the requested descriptive statistics for Dare County, North Carolina.
4.25 Visit the U.S. Bureau of the Census (census.gov), and find the following descriptive statistics for the county where your college or university is located:a. Median household incomeb. Number of
4.24 What is data mining, and how can it be useful to a business or other organization? What are some of the analytical tools it employs?Note: Exercises 4.25–4.31 require a computer and access to
4.23 What is the Encyclopedia of Associations, and how can this publication be useful to the business researcher?
4.22 Briefly, what kinds of information does the U.S.Department of Commerce provide in its Census of Population? In its Census of Housing?
4.21 What kinds of external secondary data are readily available online?
4.20 Besides accounting and financial information, what are some of the other sources of internal secondary data?
4.19 What are secondary data? Differentiate between internal and external secondary data.
4.18 In doing “observational studies” while driving through suburban neighborhoods during the summer months, home burglars look for potential victims who are away on vacation. What kinds of
4.17 When traveling, some motorists assume that a restaurant has good food and reasonable prices if there are a lot of trucks parked outside. What other observed characteristics of a restaurant might
4.13 A company has constructed two prototypes of a new personal digital assistant (PDA) and would like to find out which one of the two looks easier to use. Of the three types of surveys discussed in
4.12 In order to increase the response rate to mail questionnaires, researchers sometimes include a dollar bill or other monetary incentive to reward the respondent for his or her cooperation. Could
4.11 A research firm finds that only 33% of those who reported buying Kellogg’s Frosted Flakes had actually purchased the product during the period monitored.What type of survey research error does
4.10 Explain what is meant by sampling error, response error, and nonresponse error in survey research.
4.9 How does a compiled mailing list differ from a response mailing list?
4.8 What is random-digit dialing and why is it used?
4.7 Comment on the appropriateness of the question,“Have you ever broken the law and endangered the lives of others by running a red light?”
4.6 Provide an example of a survey question that would tend to exceed the vocabulary level of the typical adult.
4.5 What are the major approaches to carrying out survey research?
4.4 Bertram Pearlbinder, owner of an apartment building near the campus of Hightower University, is considering the possibility of installing a large-screen color television in the building’s
4.3 A pharmaceutical firm’s annual report states that company sales of over-the-counter medicines increased by 48.1%.a. To the firm itself, would this information be primary data or secondary
4.2 A published article reports that 60% of U.S. households have cable television. The president of an electronics firm clips the item from the paper and files it under“Cable TV data.” Would this
4.1 What is the difference between primary data and secondary data? Between internal secondary data and external secondary data?
2.1 Understand that probability samples are necessary to estimate the amount of sampling error.
2.1 Differentiate between sampling error and nonsampling error.
2.1 Differentiate between the probability and nonprobability approaches to sampling, and understand when each approach is appropriate.
2.1 Explain why a sample is generally more practical than a census.
2.1 Understand the relevance of the data warehouse and data mining.
2.1 Differentiate between internal and external secondary data, and identify sources for each.
2.1 Describe the experimentation and observational approaches to research.
2.1 Discuss the major sources of error in survey research.
2.1 Describe how survey research is conducted.
2.1 Explain the difference between primary and secondary data.
2.1 Describe the types of business research studies and their purposes.
2.1 Based on your results and responses to the previous questions, does the screening test appear to be potentially useful as one of the factors in helping Baldwin predict whether a given applicant
2.1 Construct adjacent dotplots (use box plots if the dotplot feature is not available on your computer statistical package) and visually compare the screening test scores of students who did not
2.1 In the descriptive statistics of the screening test scores for the students who did not default, identify the value of the third quartile and interpret its meaning. If this numerical value had
2.1 Generate appropriate descriptive statistics of the screening test scores for those who did not default on their computer loan. Be sure to include the mean and the third quartile. Do the same for
2.5 With the slider positioned at the far left, gradually move it to the far right. Describe the changes taking place in the best-fit line and the pattern of points along the way. This applet
2.4 Click the “Switch Sign” button. Describe how the bestfit line and its relationship to the pattern of points have changed. This applet displays a scatter diagram that we can rear- range by
2.3 Adjust the slider so that the coefficient of correlation is as close as possible to 10.60. Describe how the best-fit line and its relationship to the pattern of points have changed. This applet
2.2 Click on the slider and adjust it so that the coefficient of correlation is 11.0. Describe the best-fit line and its relationship to the pattern of points. This applet displays a scatter diagram
2.1 Click on the slider and adjust it so that the best-fit straight line is as close as possible to horizontal. What is the value of the coefficient of correlation? This applet displays a scatter
1.4 Suppose the ninth car were a jet-powered supersonic vehicle and traveled through the neighborhood at 1000 mph.Although such a speed lies far beyond the scale in the applet, what would be the
1.3 By adjusting the speed of the ninth car, identify the highest and lowest possible values for the median speed for the nine cars in the applet. The dots in this applet can be viewed as showing the
1.2 Click on the rightmost green dot and drag it so that the speed of the ninth car increases from 40 mph to 100 mph.What effect has this had on the value of the median? The dots in this applet can
1.1 Click on the rightmost green dot and drag it so that the speed of the ninth car is 40 mph. What is the value for the median? The dots in this applet can be viewed as showing the speeds of a
4. Determine the coefficient of correlation between variable 29 (number of persons in the household) and variable 30 (age). What percentage of the variation in household size is explained by
3. Use their respective coefficients of variation to compare the relative amount of dispersion in variable 29 (number of persons in the household) with that of variable 30(res pondent’s age).When
2. Based on the results for question 1, which attributes seem to be the most important and the least important in respondents’ choice of a shopping area?When we last visited the Thorndikes, one of
1. Perform the following operations for variables 18–25:a. Obtain descriptive statistics, including the mean and median.b. Generate a box-and-whisker plot for the variable.Does the distribution
3.69 During a five-year period, the Federal Aviation Administration took administrative actions (letters of correction or warning notices) and levied fines against U.S. airline companies for various
3.68 Data for a sample of college players eligible to enter the National Football League include weight (pounds) and time (seconds) required to sprint 40 yards. Using the data listed in file XR03068,
3.67 During 2005, 1,186,000 college-bound high school seniors took the ACT college admission test. The average score on the mathematics component was 20.7, with a standard deviation of 5.0. We are
3.66 Bride’s magazine reports the cost of the average honeymoon as $5111. Assume that their findings could have been based on the honeymoon expenditures of a sample consisting of 300 couples whose
3.65 According to the Energy Information Administration, the average U.S. household spends $1196 per year for electricity. Assume that this finding could have been based on the electricity
3.64 For the sample data presented in the dotplot of Exercise 3.63, construct a frequency distribution in which the classes are 10–under 20, 20–under 30, and 30–under 40. If this frequency
3.63 The following dotplot describes the lengths, in pages, of a sample consisting of 20 reports generated by a consulting firm during the past 3 months. Based on the dotplot, what are the values for
3.62 Using the frequency distribution in Exercise 3.53, determine the approximate mean and standard deviation for the underlying data.
3.61 Use the coefficient of variation to compare the variability of the data in Exercise 3.57 with the variability of the data in Exercise 3.60.
3.60 A law enforcement agency, administering breathalyzer tests to a sample of drivers stopped at a New Year’s Eve roadblock, measured the following blood alcohol levels for the 25 drivers who were

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