Questions and Answers of Essentials Of Understanding Behavior

Is Sterling guilty of stereotyping? Prejudice? Discrimination? Explain.
How could you explain Armstrong’s heroism and dishonesty from a psychodynamic approach? From a learning approach?
How typical do you think it is for people to have multiple sides to their personality, as Lance Armstrong apparently does?
What are the major aspects of trait, learning, biological and evolutionary, and humanistic approaches to psychology?
As Kimura reached extreme old age, he knew that the time he had left was growing very short. What thoughts might he have had as he contemplated his own impending death?
What insights might the activity theory of aging provide into the likely contributors to Kimura’s longevity?
What changes would Kimura have experienced as he reached old age? What functions would likely have declined for him, and what functions would likely have remained strong?
What might have been some of the developmental milestones that Jiroemon Kimura experienced across his long life?
Many people who watch the YouTube video depicting Boorman’s transformation become very emotional. Why do you think that is?
Does Boorman seem to have a high need for achievement? Why or why not?
What factors do you think likely played a role in Boorman’s becoming so obese?
How do you think Armstrong might score on a test of the big fi ve personality factors?
In what ways does Armstrong’s story give support to the humanistic approach? In what ways does it not?
Coles was diagnosed as suff ering from schizophrenia. What elements of his behavior seem to fi t the description of this disorder?
Is it possible that Sterling was sincere in claiming not to be a racist, despite the evidence to the contrary? How might he explain the contradiction to himself?
How might the fundamental attribution error apply to Sterling’s view that his players were ungrateful?
What do you think Sterling meant when he said his comments were “a terrible mistake”? What mistake do you think he was referring to?
What is learning?
How might a practitioner of person-centered therapy approach Marisol’s problem?How might a family therapist?
Was Marisol right to assume that if one therapist wasn’t helping her much, she should try another? Why or why not?
What approach to therapy does Marisol Rodriguez seem to be describing?
What advantages might there be in using multiple perspectives to address Coles’ case?
Which perspective provides the most useful explanation for Coles’ case, in your opinion, and why?
How might each of the perspectives on psychological disorders address the causes of his symptoms?
How could Boorman’s determination to walk unassisted again after 15 years be explained by each of the diff erent approaches to motivation?
Are there diff erent kinds of memory?
What is memory?
What could Jean do to break the Facebook habit?
Is Jean’s Facebook habit most likely positively reinforced, negatively reinforced, or both? Why do you think so?
What is the most likely reinforcement schedule for Jean’s Facebook-checking behavior?
Why is it so hard for Jean Davis to resist checking her Facebook news feed?
In what other ways do entertainment media present a distorted picture of the world to young people?
Why do you think women and men are represented in these ways in video games and on television?
What is the role of cognition and thought in learning?
What is the role of reward and punishment in learning?
Why do we forget information?
Research shows that an eyewitness’s memory for details of crimes can contain signifi cant errors. How might a lawyer useLO 22-1 How do people use language?
How does language develop?this information when evaluating an eyewitness’s testimony?Should eyewitness accounts be permissible in a court of law?
What would your reactions be to interacting with a computer that answers the phone when you reach a call center to ask a question about a product or to register a complaint? Why might your reaction
Some people fear that artifi cial intelligence machines such as Watson might one day displace workers from jobs or even be entrusted with sensitive decisions, such as deciding when a nuclear bomb
What are some examples of how you use devices with artifi cial intelligence in your own life? (Hint: Think of Siri in Apple iPhones.)
In what ways is Watson “thinking” like a human being, and in what ways is it not?
How might you make use of the brain’s ability to continue thinking about a problem nonconsciously?
How might Price’s unusual memory be useful to her? How might it be detrimental to her?
Why would insight be facilitated by the kind of nonlinear thinking that occurs during sleep?
From a researcher’s point of view, what would you do to ascertain that Price’s memories are truly accurate?
What might Price’s skills suggest about the nature of memory and forgetting?
How might you explain why someone like Price can remember trivial life events from years ago but someone cannot remember to return a library book?
Why do you think Justin’s teammates aren’t sold on the benefi ts of hypnosis? If you were the team coach, would you recommend hypnosis to the other swimmers?
What might be some drawbacks to using hypnosis the way Justin does?
Do you think that Justin could gain the same benefi ts from meditation that he does from hypnosis? What reasons might there be to prefer one approach over the other?
Would you agree with Justin that hypnosis may help him to be more competitive?Why or why not?
What are the major classifi cations of drugs, and what are their eff ects?
What are the eff ects of meditation?
What are the diff erent states of consciousness?
Does the ability of super-recognizers seem to be a matter of sensation or of perception? Why do you think so?
Is having extremely sensitive perception always a good thing? What might be some drawbacks to being a super-recognizer?
Why might some people be extremely capable at recognizing faces?
Do researchers need split-brain patients such as Vicki in order to study the localization of brain functions? What alternative methods might modern researchers have available to them?
Do you think that she continued to experience disjointed behavior coming from the two sides of her brain, or that over time she was able to fully adjust? Why do you think so?
What other curious eff ects of split-brain surgery do you think Vicki would have exhibited?
How do the halves of the brain operate interdependently?
What aspects of the Boston Marathon bombing would most likely interest a clinical psychologist? A forensic psychologist? A social psychologist?
What might be some ways in which both nature and nurture could have given rise to Tsarnaev’s actions?
How might a psychologist’s position on the free will versus determinism issue infl uence his or her perception of Tsarnaev’s crime?
Tsarnaev’s story illustrates how the complexity of human behavior cannot be easily addressed. What aspects might psychologists from each of the fi ve major perspectives focus on?
Why do you think people fi nd it surprising when someone who commits a terrible crime turns out to look like an ordinary person?
Could this tragedy have been prevented if the bomber had received adequate psychological therapy?
Was Tsarnaev psychologically disturbed?
Why did many people put their own lives potentially at risk to give fi rst aid to those who were injured?
What are the most eff ective ways to help people cope with the sudden and unexpected loss of loved ones?
What would be the long-term eff ects of the killings on the physical and psychological health of the survivors and witnesses?
What memories did people have of the bombing afterward?
What biological changes occurred in the bodies of those present who fl ed in fear for their lives after the bomb exploded?
What motivation lay behind Tsarnaev’s act of terror?
What is the future of psychology likely to hold?3-1 What is the scientifi c method?
1. What is abnormal psychology?
2. What are mental disorders and how common are they?
3. What societal factors affect definitions of abnormality?
4. Why is it important to confront the stigmatization associated with mental illness?
5. How have explanations of abnormal behavior changed over time?
6. What were early explanations regarding the causes of mental disorders?
7. What are some contemporary trends in abnormal psychology?
1. What models of psychopathology have been used to explain abnormal behavior?
2. What is the multipath model of mental disorders?
3. How is biology involved in mental disorders?
4. How do psychological models explain mental disorders?
5. What role do social factors play in psychopathology?
6. What sociocultural factors influence mental health?
1. What kinds of studies are used in the field of abnormal psychology?
2. What kinds of tools do clinicians use to evaluate a client’s mental health?
3. How are mental health problems categorized or classified?
1. According to the multipath model, how are biological, psychological, social, and sociocultural factors involved in the development of anxiety disorders?
2. What are phobias, what contributes to their development, and how are they treated?
3. What is panic disorder, what produces it, and how is it treated?
4. What is generalized anxiety disorder, what are its causes, and how is it treated?
5. What are characteristics of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, what causes these disorders, and how are they treated?
1. What do we know about disorders caused by exposure to stressors or traumatic events?
2. In what ways can stress affect our physical health?
1. What are the somatic symptom and related disorders and what do they have in common? What causes these conditions and how are they treated?

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