Questions and Answers of Morphology An Introduction

Exercise 8.3—Urban Morphology and Heritage Tourism This last exercise addresses the relation between urban morphology and heritage tourism, focusing on the conservation of urban form. The student
Exercise 8.2—Urban Form and Social Justice This exercise is an exploratory analysis of the relationships between urban form and social justice, as framed by Sect. 8.1. The student should start by
Exercise 8.1—Urban Form and Health This exercise addresses the relation between the main characteristics of urban form and the promotion of public health, through moderate physical activity, as
8.5 How does urban form influence energy demand in cities?i. Industry is the most relevant sector responsible for energy demand. Urban form does not have a significant influence.ii. The most relevant
8.4 How can urban morphology inform adaptation and mitigation strategies?i. Urban morphology offers a scientific description and explanation of urban phenomena, enabling the evaluation of different
8.3 How can urban morphological knowledge inform the debate between conservation and transformation led by heritage tourism?i. Urban morphology can prevent the transformation of historical areas.ii.
8.2What impact can urban form have in the promotion of social justice in cities?i. Recovering the architectural styles of the past can remedy many aspects of social injustice promoted by the
8.1 How does urban form relate to public health?i. Urban form can influence vigorous physical activity, and this can have significant health benefits, avoiding cardiovascular disease and stroke.ii.
Exercise 7.3—Project While the former ‘Policy’ and ‘Plan’ are related to planning practice, this exercise aims at simulating architectural practice. The purpose is the design of a new
Exercise 7.2—Plan The purpose of this exercise is the definition of a set of guidelines for the future transformation of a particular urban area. As such, the territorial dimension is more explicit
Exercise 7.1—Policy The purpose of this exercise is the development of critical thinking on urban form and its transformation over time. The student (or a reduced number of students)should start by
7.5 How is the Tension Between Conservation and Change Expressed in the Huangzhuang Project?i. The project aimed at transforming the urban landscape of the Huangzhuang village.ii. The project aimed
7.4 How Did Muratori’s Research on the Urban History of Venice Supported His Proposal for Barene Di San Giuliano?i. Based on the urban history of Venice, Muratori proposes the recovery of its
7.3 What Can Professional Practice Offer to Morphological Research?i. Rigid and established routines.ii. Newframeworks for thinking about urban form and wider settings where urban morphology must
7.2 What Can Morphological Research Offer to Professional Practice?i. Scientific prescription and design.ii. Scientific explanation and description of urban form dynamics to support prescription and
7.1 How Can the Research-Practice Gap in the Urban Landscape Fields Be Characterized?i. The gap is new and it is exclusive of the urban landscape fields.ii. The gap is not new, but it is exclusive of
Exercise 6.3—Axial Map The main goal of this exercise is to expose the student to the Depthmap software used by the Space Syntax community (open access, available at https://varoudis.git
Exercise 6.2—Typological Process The typological process is one of the main concepts in the morphological approach developed by Muratori, Caniggia and their colleagues. It is a succession of types
Exercise 6.1—Morphological Regions This exercise addresses one of the most important concepts of the historicogeographical approach—the morphological region, as an area that has a unit in respect
6.5 What are the basic components of cellular automata models?i. Cells, states of cells (on or off), neighbourhood (the adjacent cells), and time.ii. Cells, states of cells (on or off), transition
6.4 Space syntax proposes a set of tools tomodel and measure the urban space.What do these measures address?i. The movement potential, based on the configuration of the street system.ii. The real
6.3 What is the fundamental concern of the process typological approach?i. Strenghtening the rupture between existing and new urban landscapes.ii. Re-establishing continuity between extant and future
6.2 What is the tripartite division of the urban landscape?i. A view of the urban landscape based on history, geography, and architecture.ii. A framework for describing and explaining urban
6.1 Formes urbaines: de l’îlot à la barre was published in 1977. What is the main message of the book written by Castex, Depaule and Panerai?i. The emergence and consolidation of the street block
Exercise 5.3—Urbanized‘Urbanized’ is a notable documentary directed by Gary Hustwit in 2011 (available at https://www.hustwit.com/urbanized). It offers the framework for this exercise: a debate
Exercise 5.2—Physical and socioeconomic reading‘Physical and socioeconomic reading’ is an exercise that explores the capacity of each student to gather physical characteristics and
Exercise 5.1—Where do we live?‘Where do we live?’ aims at offering students a first insight into the main population dynamics of their countries and continents. It draws on data collected and
5.5 Looking at New York’s process of urban development what has been the most important, and long-lasting, action on the physical form of the city?i. The construction of the Dutch wall (at
5.4Fromthe list below, select themost relevant characteristic ofTokyo’s physical form and structure.i. A dual network of flows and built stocks: a main regular network for faster flows framed by
5.3What makes the uniqueness of Istanbul urban landscape?i. Its geographical setting (between Asia and Europe, between the Marmora and the Black Sea) and the patterns of streets, plots, and buildings
5.2 What have been the fundamental changes in world population distribution over the last seven decades?i. The change of predominance in the rural/urban dichotomy and the growth of large cities (5 to
5.1 Today, where does humankind live in?i. 56% of the world population lives in urban settlements and 44% is rural. Most of the urban population lives in medium cities (1 to 5 million people).ii. 56%
Exercise 4.3—Permanence and Change This homework exercise aims at exploring permanence and change in the urban landscape, through a comparison of different time periods, using two different
Exercise 4.2—Virtual Pompeii This exercise aims at exploring the unique urban landscape of Pompeii, through the combined use of software for interactive visualization of maps and satellite images
Exercise 4.1—Our Common Heritage This exercise aims at exploring the diversity of Humankind’s built heritage—one of the main messages of the book. It benefits from the remarkable UNESCO
4.5 What is the main innovation of mediaeval cities, in terms of streets and buildings, in relation to former cities?i. An irregular pattern of streets, the design of homogenous building façades,
4.4 Which of the following sentences offers a more accurate description of the elements of urban form in Islamic cities?i. Irregular pattern of streets and plots, reduced number of singular building
4.3What are the main differences, in terms of singular buildings, between Greek and Roman cities?i. While in Greek cities these buildings adopted strategic locations somehow independent from streets,
4.2 What was the main similarity, in terms of urban form elements, between Mohenjo-daro and Teotihuacan?i. The hierarchical (privileging some notable axes, like the Street of the Dead)and orthogonal
4.1 What are the three ‘dead cultures’ out of which have evolved the Greek, Roman, and Western European civilizations?i. Sumerian, Egyptian, and Carthaginian.ii. Sumerian, Egyptian, and
Exercise 3.3—The Greatest Grid Considering one of the fundamental messages of this book, the recovery of key elements of urban form, such as streets, street blocks, and plots, the 1811 plan for New
Exercise 3.2—The Plan and the City This exercise aims at exploring the impact of the physical form proposals of one plan in the urban history of a city. ‘The plan and the city’ should be
Exercise 3.1—The Planner, the Developer, and the Architect The main goal of ‘The planner, the developer, and the architect’ is to make explicit to students, some of the main interactions
3.5What are the fundamental characteristics of the Curitiba and Bogota plans?i. The focus on public transports and its relationships to urban form and land uses.ii. The concern on the identity and
3.4What was the major innovation of the Bologna plan?i. The acknowledgement of conservation as the main goal for a whole urban area, and not just its singular buildings.ii. It represents the
3.3What is themain difference between the Frankfurt plan and plans prepared and implemented before the 1920s?i. It represents a fragmented way of planning and promotes the absence of the street as a
3.2What is an informal settlement?i. A settlement in the Global South.ii. A settlement whose formation process has not been framed by a plan.iii. A settlement without access to improved water source
3.1What are the main factors influencing developers when promoting an action on the urban landscape?i. The opportunity to work with a specific group of architects and builders.ii. Their professional
Exercise 2.3—A Collection of Urban Tissues The exercise ‘A Collection of Urban Tissues’ explores the idea that, despite the differences, all urban landscapes are structured by the same elements
Exercise 2.2—Your Urban Landscape‘Your Urban Landscape’ is an exercise that explores the capacity of each student to describe a familiar urban landscape using a new language learned in this
Exercise 2.1—The Game of Cities‘The game of cities’ is an exercise that brings out the importance of both collective action and streets in the process of city-making (Oliveira and Perdicoulis
2.5 What has been the main change in buildings, taking place over the twentieth century?i. The change in the position of buildings within plots.ii. The increasing range of construction materials.iii.
2.4 Why is the frontage width a main characteristic of plots?i. It allows the construction of buildings with larger frontages.ii. It enables a higher control on the design of building facades.iii. It
2.3 What are the most persistent elements of urban form?i. Buildings; and in particular, singular exceptional buildings.ii. Streets, plots, buildings, and land uses.iii. Streets, and the system of
2.2 What are the fundamental structuring lines of the territory, in terms of macro-relief?i. Ridge lines (highest elevation), converging into distribution centres.ii. Ridge lines, thalweg lines
2.1 What are the main similarities and differences between the most representative tissues of Barcelona and New York?i. They are similar in terms of streets, street blocks, plots and buildings; one