The authors of the paper The Relationship of Field of Study to Current Smoking Status Among College

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The authors of the paper “The Relationship of Field of Study to Current Smoking Status Among College Students” (College Student Journal [2009]:

744–754) carried out a study to investigate if smoking rates were different for college students in different majors. Each student in a large random sample of students at the University of Minnesota was classified according to field of study and whether or not they had smoked in the past 30 days. The data are given in the accompanying table.

Field of Study Smoked in the Last 30 Days Did Not Smoke in Last 30 Days 1. Undeclared 176 489 2. Art, design, performing arts 149 336 3. Humanities 197 454 4. Communication, languages, cultural studies 233 389 5. Education 56 170 6. Health sciences 227 717 7. Mathematics, engineering, sciences 245 924 8. Social science, human services 306 593 9. Individualized course of study 134 260

a. Is there evidence that field of study and smoking status are not independent? Use the Minitab output on the next page to test the relevant hypotheses using a 5 .01.

Chi-Square Test: Smoked, Did Not Smoke Expected counts are printed below observed counts Chi-Square contributions are printed below expected counts Smoked Did Not Smoke Total 1 176 489 665 189.23 425.77 0.925 0.368 2 149 336 485 138.01 346.99 0.875 0.348 3 197 454 651 185.25 465.75 0.746 0.297 4 233 389 622 177.00 445.0 17.721 7.048 5 56 170 226 64.31 161.69 1.074 0.427 6 227 717 944 268.62 675.38 6.449 2.565 7 245 924 1169 332.65 836.35

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