USA Today has reported (Ginny Graves, “As Women Rise in Society, Many Married Couples Still Don’t Do

‘Equal,’” June 30, 2005) on the gender gap that exists between married spouses. One of the measures of the progress that has been made in that area is the number of women who outearn their husbands. According to the 2003 census conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 32.5% of female spouses outearn their male counterparts. The file entitled Gendergap contains the incomes of 150 married couples in Utah.

a. Determine the number of families in which the female outearns her husband.

b. Calculate the expected number of female spouses who outearn their male counterparts in the sample of 150 married couples based on the Bureau of Labor Statistics study.

c. If the percentage of married women in Utah who outearn their male spouses is the same as that indicated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, determine the probability that at least the number found in part a would occur.

d. Based on your calculation in part

c, does the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ percentage seem plausible if Utah is not different than the rest of the United States?