Appl financials. Apple, Inc., divides their expenses into four categories: Cost of Revenue; Research & Development;

Selling, General, & Administrative; and Income Taxes.

The table below shows these categories for Apple from 2014 to 2016.

2014 2015 2016 Cost of Revenue 112,258,000 140,089,000 131,376,000 Research & Development 6,041,000 8,067,000 10,045,000 Selling, General, &
Administrative 11,993,000 14,329,000 14,194,000 Income Tax Expense 13,973,000 19,121,000 15,685,000

a) What percent of total costs and expenses was Research & Development in 2014? In 2016?

b) What percent of total costs and expenses were Taxes in 2015? In 2016?

c) Have Selling, General, & Administrative costs grown over this time period?

d) Compute the percentage of total costs associated with each of the four categories for each year in a contingency table.

e) Produce a visualization that compares the percentage cost breakdown across all of the years.