If there is no seasonal effect on human births, we would expect equal numbers of children to be born in each season

(winter, spring, summer and fall). A student takes a census of her statistics class and finds that of the 120 students in the class, 25 were born in winter, 35 in spring, 32 in summer and 28 in fall. She wonders if the excess in the spring is an indication that births are not uniform throughout the year.

a) What is the expected number of births in each season if there is no “seasonal effect” on births?

b) Compute the statistic.

c) How many degrees of freedom does the statistic have?