Getting teachers to come to school Elementary schools in rural India are usually small, with a single teacher. The teachers often fail to show up for work.

Here is an idea for improving attendance: give the teacher a digital camera with a tamperproof time and date stamp and ask a student to take a photo of the teacher and class at the beginning and end of the day. Offer the teacher better pay for good attendance, verified by the photos. Will this work? Researchers obtained permission to use 120 rural schools in Rajasthan for an experiment to find out.39

(a) Explain why it would not be a good idea to offer better pay for good attendance to the teachers in all 120 schools and then to compare this year’s attendance with last year’s.

(b) Describe a completely randomized design for an experiment involving these 120 schools. Write a few sentences describing how you would implement your design.