If using the method of least squares for fitting trends in an annual time series containing 32 consecutive yearly values:

a. What coded value do you assign to X for the first year in the series?

b. What coded value do you assign to X for the eleventh year in the series?

c. What coded value do you assign to X for the most recent recorded year in the series?

d. What coded value do you assign to X if you want to project the trend and make a forecast three years beyond the last observed value?