Curbing street gang gun violence. Operation Ceasefire is a program implemented to reduce street gang gun violence in the city of Boston. The effectiveness of the program was examined in the Journal of Quantitative Criminology

(Mar. 2014). Over a 5-year period (2006–2010), there were 80 shootings involving a particular Boston street gang

(called the Lucerne Street Doggz). The information in the table breaks down these shootings by year and by who was shot (gang members or non-gang members). Note: The Ceasefire program was implemented at the end of 2007.

a. Construct a Pareto diagram for the total annual shootings involving the Boston street gang.

b. Construct a Pareto diagram for the annual shootings of the Boston street gang members.

c. Based on the Pareto diagrams, comment on the effectiveness of Operation Ceasefire.

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Shootings of Year Total Shootings Gang Shootings of Non-Gang Members Members 2006 37 2007 30 2008 2009 3845 2010 4 32443 30 7 22 8 1 1 1 Totals 80 62 18