Long snorkel. Inhalation of a breath occurs when the muscles surrounding the human lungs move to increase the volume of the lungs, thereby reducing the air pressure there. The difference between the reduced pressure and outside atmospheric pressure causes a flow of air into the lungs. The maximum reduction in air pressure that chest muscles can produce in the lungs against the surrounding air pressure on the chest and body is about 3500 Pa. Consider the longest snorkel a person can operate. The minimum pressure difference needed to take in a breath is about 200 Pa. Find the depth h that a person could swim to and still breathe with this snorkel (Fig. P10.84).

Figure P10.84

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