Exercise 5.1 In this exercise we consider memory hierarchies for various application, listed in the following table.

a. Web browsing

b. Online banking 5.1.1 [10] <5.1> Assuming both client and server are involved in the process, fi rst name the client and server systems. Where can caches be placed to speed-up the process?

5.1.2 [10] <5.1> Design a memory hierarchy for the system. Show the typical size and latency at various levels of the hierarchy. What’s the relationship between cache size and its access latency?

5.1.3 [15] <5.1> What are the units of data transfers between hierarchies? What’s the relationship between the data location, data size, and transfer latency.

5.1.4 [10] <5.1, 5.2> Communication bandwidth and server processing bandwidth are two important factors to consider when designing a memory hierarchy.
Which bandwidths can be the limiting factor here? How to improve and what’s the cost?
5.1.5 [5] <5.1, 5.8> Now consider multiple clients simultaneously access the server, will such scenarios improve the spatial and temporal locality?
5.1.6 [10] <5.1, 5.8> Give an example where the cache can provide out-of-date data. How to mitigate or avoid such issues?