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computer science
introduction to software engineering

Questions and Answers of Introduction To Software Engineering

4. The user interface is tested to uncover errors in presentation and/or navigation mechanics.
5. Functional components are unit tested.
Test a “check out” request for an empty shopping cart.
Boundary-test (Chapter 18) the minimum and maximum number of items that can be placed in the shopping cart.
Does the aesthetic style of the content conflict with the aesthetic style of the interface?
Does the content contain internal links that supplement existing content? Are the links correct?
Does the content infringe on existing copyrights or trademarks?
Is the content offensive, misleading, or does it open the door to litigation?
Is the information presented consistent internally and consistent with information presented in other content objects?
Have proper references been provided for all information derived from other sources?
Can information embedded within a content object be found easily?
Is the layout of the content object easy for the user to understand?
Is the information concise and to the point?
Is the information factually accurate?
8. Security tests are conducted in an attempt to exploit vulnerabilities in the WebApp or within its environment.9. Performance tests are conducted.10. The WebApp is tested by a controlled and
7. The WebApp is implemented in a variety of different environmental configurations and is tested for compatibility with each configuration.
6. Navigation throughout the architecture is tested.
Content is evaluated at both a syntactic and semantic level. At the syntactic level, spelling, punctuation, and grammar are assessed for text-based documents. At a semantic level, correctness (of
19.8. Derive four additional tests using random testing and partitioning methods as well as multiple class testing and tests derived from the behavioral model for the banking application presented in
19.7. Apply multiple class testing and tests derived from the behavioral model for the SafeHome design.
18.5. Specify, design, and implement a software tool that will compute the cyclomatic complexity for the programming language of your choice. Use the graph matrix as the operative data structure in
18.3. Can you think of any additional testing objectives that are not discussed in Section 18.1.1?
18.2. Design and implement the program (with error handling where appropriate) specified in Problem 18.1. Derive a flow graph for the program and apply basis path testing to develop test cases that
18.1. Myers [Mye79] uses the following program as a self-assessment for your ability to specify adequate testing: A program reads three integer values. The three values are interpreted as
Does a high volume of interrupts arriving at critical times create problems in function or performance?
Does the performance (e.g., processing time) of each interrupt-handling procedure conform to requirements?
Is processing for each interrupt handled correctly?
Are interrupt priorities properly assigned and properly handled?
If hypertext is used, is the navigation design appropriate for the information required?
If hypertext links are used, are they accurate and complete?
Are all software error messages displayed for the user described in more detail in the document? Are actions to be taken as a consequence of an error message clearly delineated?
Is the design of the document (layout, typefaces, indentation, graphics) conducive to understanding and quick assimilation of information?
Are the document’s table of contents and index robust, accurate, and complete?
Can troubleshooting be accomplished easily with the documentation?
Is it relatively easy to locate guidance within the documentation?
18.6. Read Beizer [Bei95] or a related Web-based source (e.g., www.laynetworks.com/Discrete%20Mathematics_1g.htm) and determine how the program you have developed in Problem 18.5 can be extended to
18.7. Design an automated tool that will recognize loops and categorize them as indicated in Section 18.5.3.
18.8. Extend the tool described in Problem 18.7 to generate test cases for each loop category, once encountered. It will be necessary to perform this function interactively with the tester.
19.6. Apply random testing and partitioning to three classes defined in the design for the SafeHome system. Produce test cases that indicate the operation sequences that will be invoked.
19.5. What is the difference between thread-based and use-based strategies for integration testing? How does cluster testing fit in?
19.4. Derive a set of CRC index cards for SafeHome, and conduct the steps noted in Section 19.2.2 to determine if inconsistencies exist.
19.3. Why should “testing” begin with object-oriented analysis and design?
19.2. Why do we have to retest subclasses that are instantiated from an existing class, if the existing class has already been thoroughly tested? Can we use the test-case design for the existing
19.1. In your own words, describe why the class is the smallest reasonable unit for testing within an OO system.
3. A list of testing steps should be developed for each test and should contain:a. A list of specified states for the class that is to be testedb. A list of messages and operations that will be
2. The purpose of the test should be stated.
1. Each test case should be uniquely identified and explicitly associated with the class to be tested.
3. The behavior of the system or its classes may be improperly characterized to accommodate the extraneous attribute.
2. A misinterpretation of the class definition may lead to incorrect or extraneous class relationships.
1. Special subclasses may have been generated to accommodate the unnecessary attribute or exceptions to it. Work involved in the creation of unnecessary subclasses has been avoided.
18.11. Test a user manual (or help facility) for an application that you use frequently. Find at least one error in the documentation.
18.10. Will exhaustive testing (even if it is possible for very small programs) guarantee that the program is 100 percent correct?
18.9. Give at least three examples in which black-box testing might give the impression that“everything’s OK,” while white-box tests might uncover an error. Give at least three examples in
Are terminology, menu descriptions, and system responses consistent with the actual program?
20.11. Assume that you are developing an online pharmacy (YourCornerPharmacy.com)that caters to senior citizens. The pharmacy provides typical functions, but also maintains a database for each
20.18. What is the difference between load testing and stress testing?
20.17. In response to it success YourCornerPharmacy.com (Problem 20.11) has implemented a special server solely to handle prescription refills. On average, 1000 concurrent users submit a refill
20.16. YourCornerPharmacy.com (Problem 20.11) has become wildly successful, and the number of users has increased dramatically in the first two months of operation. Draw a graph that depicts probable
20.15. What is the objective of security testing? Who performs this testing activity?
20.14. Is it possible to test every configuration that a WebApp is likely to encounter on the server side? On the client side? If it is not, how do you select a meaningful set of configuration tests?
20.13. What is the difference between testing for navigation syntax and navigation semantics?
20.12. Assume that you have implemented a drug interaction checking function for YourCornerPharmacy.com (Problem 20.11). Discuss the types of component-level tests that would have to be conducted to
20.10. What is the difference between testing that is associated with interface mechanisms and testing that addresses interface semantics?
20.9. Describe the steps associated with database testing for a WebApp. Is database testing predominantly a client-side or server-side activity?
20.8. Is content testing really testing in a conventional sense? Explain.
20.7. Is it fair to say that the overall WebApp testing strategy begins with user-visible elements and moves toward technology elements? Are there exceptions to this strategy?
20.6. Is it always necessary to develop a formal written test plan? Explain.
20.5. What elements of the WebApp can be “unit tested”? What types of tests must be conducted only after the WebApp elements are integrated?
20.4. Which errors tend to be more serious—client-side errors or server-side errors? Why?
20.3. Compatibility is an important quality dimension. What must be tested to ensure that compatibility exists for a WebApp?
No block will be marked as both unused and used.
All the sets of blocks held in the queue will be subsets of the collection of currently used blocks.
No elements of the queue will contain the same block numbers.
18.4. Select a software component that you have designed and implemented recently. Design a set of test cases that will ensure that all statements have been executed using basis path testing.
21.11. Using the OCL or Z notation presented in Table 21.1 or 21.2, select some part of the SafeHome security system described earlier in this book and attempt to specify it with OCL or Z.
21.10. You have been assigned to a software team that is developing software, called MemoryDoubler, that provides greater apparent memory for a PC than physical memory. This is accomplished by
21.9. You have been assigned to a team that is developing software for a fax modem. Your job is to develop the “phone book” portion of the application. The phone book function enables up to
21.8. In your own words, describe the intent of certification in the cleanroom software engineering context.
21.7. For the program stimuli and probability distribution table developed in Problem 21.6, use a random-number generator to develop a set of test cases for use in statistical use testing.
21.6. Select a program that you use regularly (e.g., an e-mail handler, a word processor, a spreadsheet program). Create a set of usage scenarios for the program. Define the probability of
21.5. Document a correctness verification proof for the bubble sort discussed in Problem 21.4.
21.4. A bubble-sort algorithm is defined in the following manner:procedure bubblesort;var i, t, integer;begin repeat until ta[1]t:a[1];for j: 2 to n do if a[j-1] a[j] then begin
21.3. Using box structure specification, develop “first-pass” analysis and design models for the SafeHome system.
21.2. How do an incremental process model and certification work together to produce highquality software?
21.1. If you had to pick one aspect of cleanroom software engineering that makes it radically different from conventional or object-oriented software engineering approaches, what would it be?
The collection of used blocks will have no duplicate block numbers.
The collection of unused blocks will have no duplicate block numbers.
The collection of used blocks and blocks that are unused will be the total collection of blocks that make up files.
20.2. In your own words, discuss the objectives of testing in a WebApp context.
20.1. Are there any situations in which WebApp testing should be totally disregarded?
Are certain WebApp functions (e.g., compute intensive functionality, data streaming capabilities) discontinued as capacity reaches the 80 or 90 percent level?
Is there a way to discontinue the navigation before all nodes have been reached, but then return to where the navigation was discontinued and proceed from there?
If a function is executed at a node and an error in function processing occurs, can the NSU be completed?
If a function is to be executed at a node and the user chooses not to provide input, can the remainder of the NSU be completed?
Do mechanisms for navigation within a large navigation node (i.e., a long Web page) work properly?
Is there a mechanism (other than the browser “back” arrow) for returning to the preceding navigation node and to the beginning of the navigation path?
If guidance is provided by the user interface to assist in navigation, are directions correct and understandable as navigation proceeds?
If the NSU can be achieved using more than one navigation path, has every relevant path been tested?
Is the NSU achieved in its entirety without error?
5. Develop a mechanism for assessing the usability of the WebApp.

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