Suppose a processor has a clock rate of 100 megahertz. The time required to retrieve a word from the cache is 1 nanosecond, and the time required to retrieve a word not in the cache is 101 nanoseconds.

a. Determine the hit rate needed such that the average memory latency equals the processor cycle time.

b. Keeping the same memory devices but considering processors with a higher clock rate, what is the maximum useful clock rate such that the average memory latency equals the processor cycle time, and to what hit rate does it correspond?