Lance Leffler, owner of Leffler Manufacturing, Inc., wants to determine the cost behavior of labor and overhead. Lance pays his workers a salary; during busy times, everyone works to get the orders out. Temps (temporary workers hired through an agency) may be hired to pack and prepare completed orders for shipment. During slower times, Lance catches up on bookkeeping and administrative tasks while the salaried workers do preventive maintenance, clean the lines and building, etc. Temps are not hired during slow times. Lance found that workers’ salaries, temp agency payments, rentals, utilities, and plant and equipment depreciation are the largest dollar accounts. He believes that workers’ salaries and plant and equipment depreciation are fixed, temp agency payments are associated with the number of orders (since temp workers are used to pack and prepare completed orders for shipment), and electricity is associated with the number of machine hours. When the number of different parts stored by Leffler exceeds the space in the materials storeroom, Lance rents nearby warehouse space. He can rent as much or as little space as he wants on a month-tomonth basis. Therefore, he believes warehouse rental payments are variable with the number of parts purchased and stored. The account balances for the past six months as well as the six-month total are as follows:

Required:
1. Calculate the monthly average account balance for each account. Calculate the average monthly amount for each of the three drivers.
2. Calculate fixed monthly cost and the variable rates for temp agency payments, warehouse rent, and electricity. Express the results in the form of an equation for total cost.
3. In July, Lance predicts there will be 400 orders, 280 parts, and 5,900 machine hours. What is the total labor and overhead cost for July?
4. What if Lance buys a new machine in July for $18,000? The machine is expected to last 10 years and will have no salvage value at the end of that time. What part of the cost equation will be affected? How? What is the new expected cost in July?LO1

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Workers' Salaries Temp Agency Warehouse Payments Rental January February $ 6,300 $ 0 $ 150 $ 300 Electricity Plant & Equipment Depreciation $ 2,800 6,300 320 400 410 2,800 March 6,300 1,200 460 680 2,800 April 6,300 1,350 500 720 2,800 May 6,300 1,750 480 750 2,800 June 6,300 1,400 220 700 2,800 $37,800 $6,020 $2,210 $3,560 $16,800 Total Information on number of machine hours, orders, and parts for the six-month period follows: Machine Hours Number of Orders Number of Parts January 2,000 10 200 February 3,100 40 450 March 5,800 350 550 April 6,200 400 580 May 6,500 510 480 June 6,000 410 300 Total 29,600 1,720 2,560