In the problem of the points, let Pn := Pr An,n

, and consider the case when p

Show that the sum in (3.29) is absolutely convergent for p

with the approximation holding for large n.)
Use (3.28) to show that

from which

follows. Use this to show the identity

where x = ceil(x). (Contributed by Markus Haas)

S. (p) :=() [p (1 - p)] i=1