Question: [EX09-186] Traffic gridlock is no small problem! In 2003, congestion-delayed travelers wasted 3.7 billion hours and 2.3 billion gallons of fuel for a total cost

[EX09-186] Traffic gridlock is no small problem! In 2003, congestion-delayed travelers wasted 3.7 billion hours and 2.3 billion gallons of fuel for a total cost of more than $63 billion. It is estimated that half of all traffic delays are caused by car crashes. One variable often included in studies of traffic delays is the travel time index (TTI).

The TTI is a ratio of peak period to free-flow travel time. A value of 1.30 indicates a free-flow trip of 20 minutes takes 26 minutes in the peak as a result of heavy traffic demand and incidents. The national big-city mean TTI is 1.37.

Source: http://mobility.tamu.edu/ums/report/

In May 2005, 25 commuters who typically commuted during peak rush hour were randomly identified. They were monitored while driving their regular route to work both during a free-flow period and during a peak period.

Free-Flow Peak Free-Flow Peak Free-Flow Peak 50.7 64.9 21.0 30.5 24.1 34.7 27.4 32.1 51.5 66.4 48.3 64.2 47.9 69.5 50.1 66.6 34.2 40.7 22.9 30.0 48.9 72.4 27.5 35.8 29.0 45.8 36.6 42.1 44.6 57.1 29.7 38.3 35.9 43.1 33.5 44.9 34.4 40.6 38.1 54.9 22.2 34.4 34.4 46.4 31.2 44.9 26.1 32.6 38.7 55.3

a. Calculate the TTI for each of the commuters.

b. Construct a histogram and find the mean and standard deviation of the TTI.

c. Demonstrate how this set of data satisfies the assumptions for inference.

d. Find the 95% confidence interval for , the mean TTI.

e. Test the hypothesis that the mean TTI for this urban/suburban area is different from the bigcity mean of 1.37. Use 0.05.

f. Compare the answers found in parts d and e.

Do you think these commuters have a traffic problem? Why? Explain why part e is a duplication in this case.

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