10. The Great Depression sparked widespread bank runs in the early 1930s, which greatly worsened and lengthened the depth of the Depression. Federal deposit insurance was created, and the government recapitalized banks by lending to them and by buying shares of banks. By 1933, banks had been separated into two categories:

commercial (covered by deposit insurance) and investment (not covered). Public acceptance of deposit insurance finally stopped the bank runs of the Great Depression.