4 Production can often be expanded through division of labor and cooperative effort among individuals. With division of labor, production of a commodity can be broken down into a series of specific tasks. Specialization and division of labor often lead to an expansion in output per worker because they

(a) permit productive tasks to be undertaken by the individuals who can accomplish those tasks most efficiently,

(b) lead to improvement in worker efficiency as specific tasks are performed numerous times, and

(c) facilitate the efficient application of machinery and advanced technology to the production process.