Indicate the accounting principle that provides the most conservative measure of earnings in each of the following cases.

a FIFO, LIFO, or weighted-average cost-flow assumption for inventories during periods of rising prices.

b FIFO, LIFO, or weighted-average cost-flow assumption for inventories during periods of declining prices.

c Lower-of-cost-or-market or equity method of accounting for long-term investments in the securities of unconsolidated subsidiaries where dividends declared by the subsidiary are less than its earnings.

d Sum-of-the-years'-digits or straight-line depreciation method during the first one-third of an asset's life.

e Sum-of-the-years-digits or straight-line depreciation method during the last one-third of an asset's life.

f Deferral or flow-through method of accounting for the investment tax credit in the year qualifying assets are acquired.

g The valuation of inventories at acquisition cost or lower of cost or market.
h Lower-of-cost-or-market or equity method of accounting for long-term investments in the securities of unconsolidated subsidiaries where the investee realizes net losses and does not pay dividends.
i Purchase or pooling-of-interests method of accounting for corporate acquisitions where the market value of the consideration given by the acquiring company exceeds the book value of the acquired company's net assets.
j Effective-interest or straight-line method of amortizing bond premium in the first year that bonds are outstanding.
k Effective-interest or straight-line method of amortizing bond discount in the first year that bonds are outstanding.