Comprehensive Differential Costing Problem Davis Kitchen Supply produces stoves for commercial kitchens. The costs to manufacture and market the stoves at the company’s normal volume of 6,000 units per month are shown in the following table.

Unless otherwise stated, assume that no connection exists between the situation described in each question; each is independent. Unless otherwise stated, assume a regular selling price of \($370\) per unit. Ignore income taxes and other costs that are not mentioned in the table or in the question itself.

Required

a. Market research estimates that volume could be increased to 7,000 units, which is well within production capacity limitations if the price were cut from \($370\) to \($325\) per unit. Assuming that the cost behavior patterns implied by the data in the table are correct, would you recommend taking this action? What would be the impact on monthly sales, costs, and income?

b. On March 1, the federal government offers Davis a contract to supply 1,000 units to military bases for a March 31 delivery. Because of an unusually large number of rush orders from its reg- ular customers, Davis plans to produce 8,000 units during March, which will use all available capacity. If it accepts the government order, it would lose 1,000 units normally sold to regular customers to a competitor. The government contract would reimburse its “share of March man- ufacturing costs” plus pay a \($50,000\) fixed fee (profit). (No variable marketing costs would be incurred on the government’s units.) What impact would accepting the government contract have on March income? (Part of your problem is to figure out the meaning of “share of March manufacturing costs.”’)

c Davis has an opportunity to enter a highly competitive foreign market. An attraction of the for- eign market is that its demand is greatest when the domestic market’s demand is quite low; thus, idle production facilities could be used without affecting domestic business. An order for 2,000 units is being sought at a below-normal price to enter this market. For this order, ship- ping costs will total \($40\) per unit; total (marketing) costs to obtain the contract will be \($4,000.\) No other variable marketing costs would be required on this order, and it would not affect do- mestic business. What is the minimum unit price that Davis should consider for this order of 2,000 units?

d. An inventory of 460 units of an obsolete model of the stove remains in the stockroom. These must be sold through regular channels (thus incurring variable marketing costs) at reduced prices or the inventory will soon be valueless. What is the minimum acceptable selling price for these units?

e. A proposal is received from an outside contractor who will make and ship 2,000 stoves per month directly to Davis’s customers as orders are received from Davis’s sales force. Davis’s fixed marketing costs would be unaffected, but its variable marketing costs would be cut by 20 percent for these 2,000 units produced by the contractor. Davis’s plant would operate at twothirds of its normal level, and total fixed manufacturing costs would be cut by 30 percent. What in-house unit cost should be used to compare with the quotation received from the supplier?
Should the proposal be accepted for a price (that is, payment to the contractor) of \($215\) per unit?

f- Assume the same facts as in requirement

(e) except that the idle facilities would be used to produce 1,600 modified stoves per month for use in extreme climates. These modified stoves could be sold for \($450\) each, while the costs of production would be \($275\) per unit variable manufacturing expense. Variable marketing costs would be \($50\) per unit. Fixed marketing and manufacturing costs would be unchanged whether the original 6,000 regular stoves were manufactured or the mix of 4,000 regular stoves plus 1,600 modified stoves were produced. What is the maximum purchase price per unit that Davis should be willing to pay the outside contractor? Should the proposal be accepted for a price of \($215\) per unit to the contractor?

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Unit manufacturing costs Variable materials $50 Variable labor 75 Variable overhead 25 Fixed overhead 60 Total unit manufacturing costs $210 Unit marketing costs Variable 25 Fixed 70 Total unit marketing costs $95 Total unit costs $305