Prior to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2018 (TCJA), multinational firms domiciled in the United States did not have to pay U.S. income taxes on foreign earnings, unless those earnings were returned (repatriated) to the United States. Accordingly, the U.S. income tax system acted as a deterrent to firms to bring cash earned abroad back to the United States. In 2018, the U.S. Congress passed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act which resulted in a shift to a territorial system where only income earned in the United States is subject to corporate income tax. Research the TCJA and answer the following questions:

a. What was the incentive included in the Act to induce firms to bring cash earned abroad under the old system back to the United States?

b. What is the goal of repatriation of cash?

c. Approximately how much cash was repatriated during 2018 ?