The young woman shown at right has albinism—very pale skin, white hair, and pale blue eyes. This phenotype is due to the absence of melanin, which imparts color to the skin, hair, and eyes. It typically is caused by a recessive allele. In the following situations, what are the probable genotypes of the father, the mother, and their children?

a. Both parents have normal phenotypes; some of their children are albino and others are not.

b. Both parents and all their children are albino.

c. The mother is not albino, the father is albino, and one of their four children is albino.