In the electroweak theory, symmetry breaking occurs on a length scale of about 10^-17 m. Compute the frequency of particles with de Broglie wavelengths (see Section 10.5) equal to this value, and, using this result, determine their energies by the Planck formula E = hf. Show that the mass of particles having such energies is on the order of the mass of the W± particles (Figure 12.23).

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MATTER ANTIMATTER П Ш п III Top/truth Charm Antiup Anticharm Antitop/truth Up R,G,B C, M,Y R,G,B R,G,B C,M,Y C, M,Y 1275 174,300 2.5 1275 174,300 2.5 Quarks Antiquarks- Antidown Antibottom/ Down Strange Bottom/ Antistrange beauty beauty Б d. R,G,B R,G,B R,G,B C, M,Y CM,Y C, M,Y 4.8 95 4180 4.8 95 4180 Electron Muon Tau Positron Antimuon Antitau e+ Antileptons - e- т U.511 105.7 1777 U.511 105.7 1777 Leptons Electron Neutrino Muon Electron Tau Neutrino Muon Tau Antincutrino Antincutrino Neutrino Antincutrino V. Ve ,ע P <0.17 V, u <0.17 т 20 <15.5 <15.5 Relative Force Carrier Mass (GeVle) Charge Spin Strength Range (m) Color Force Legend Cluon Strong Yes <10-15 I Generation Colors W+ 80 +1 Color Name Up R- Red Intermediate Weak 80 -1 107 neutral G- Green B- Blue -10-1 (Gauge) Bosons Z° 91 Charge C- Cyan - Antired M - Magenta - Antigreen Y - Yellow - Antiblue R,G,B Color Mass Symbol U Photon Color пеutral Electro- 10 Infinite 2.5 magnetism (MeVie) Graviton Color 10 Infinite Gravity Note: Masses for the neutrinos are in eVle. |пеutral Higgs Field Higgs 126 Color <10- neutral