Walters Audio Visual Inc. offers an incentive stock option plan to its regional managers. On January 1, 2021, options were granted for 40 million $1 par common shares. The exercise price is the market price on the grant date—$8 per share. Options cannot be exercised prior to January 1, 2023, and expire December 31, 2027. The fair value of the 40 million options, estimated by an appropriate option pricing model, is $1 per option.

Required:
1. Determine the total compensation cost pertaining to the incentive stock option plan.
2. Prepare the appropriate journal entry to record compensation expense on December 31, 2021.
3. Prepare the appropriate journal entry to record compensation expense on December 31, 2022.
4. Prepare the appropriate journal entry to record the exercise of 75% of the options on March 12, 2023, when the market price is $9 per share.
5. Prepare the appropriate journal entry on December 31, 2027, when the remaining options that have vested expire without being exercised.