The system water(l)/n-pentane(2)/n-heptane(3) exists as a vapor at 101.33 kPa and 100°C with mole fractions z₁ = 0.45, z₂ = 0.30, z₃ = 0.25. The system is slowly cooled at constant pressure until it is completely condensed into a water phase and a hydrocarbon phase. Assuming that the two liquid phases are immiscible, that the vapor phase is an ideal gas, and that the hydrocarbons obey Raoult’s law, determine:

(a) The dewpoint temperature of the mixture and composition of the first condensate.

(b) The temperature at which the second liquid phase appears and its initial composition.

(c) The bubblepoint temperature and the composition of the last bubble of vapor. See Table B.2 for vapor-pressure equations.

 Table B.2

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Table B.2: Constants for the Antoine Equation for Vapor Pressures of Pure Species B In Psat /kPa = A - 1/°C +C Latent heat of vaporization at the normal boiling point (AH„), and normal boiling point (f,) Parameters for Antoine Eqn. Temp. Range AH, Name Formula At B °C kJ/mol t°C Acetone C;H,0 14.3145 2756.22 228.060 -26-77 CH,O2 15.0717 3580.80 224.650 CH;N CH6 CH10 CH10 C,H100 15.3144 3212.43 182.739 CẠH 100 15.1989 3026.03 186.500 C,H100 14.6047 2740.95 166.670 CH1,0 14.8445 2658.29 177.650 29.10 23.70 117.9 56.2 Acetic acid 24-142 Acetonitrile* 14.8950 3413.10 250.523 -27–81 13.7819 2726.81 217.572 30.19 81.6 Benzene 6–104 30.72 80.0 iso-Butane 13.8254 2181.79 248.870 -83–7 13.6608 2154.70 238.789 -73-19 21.30 -11.9 -0.5 n-Butane 22.44 1-Butanol 37-138 43.29 117.6 2-Butanol* 25–120 40.75 99.5 iso-Butanol 30–128 41.82 107.8 tert-Butanol 10–101 39.07 82.3 Carbon tetrachloride CCI4 Chlorobenzene 1-Chlorobutane 14.0572 2914.23 232.148 -14-101 29.82 76.6 CH5CI 13.8635 3174.78 211.700 C,H,CI 13.7965 2723.73 218.265 -17-79 CHCI3 CH12 CSH10 CioH22 13.9748 3442.76 193.858 CH,Cl, 13.9891 2463.93 223.240 -38-60 C,H100 14.0735 2511.29 231.200 -43-55 C4H3O2 15.0967 3579.78 240.337 C20H42 14.4575 4680.46 132.100 208-379 C,H,0 C3H10 CH,O2 15.7567 4187.46 178.650 C;H16 CH14 CH40 C;H,O2 14.2456 2662.78 219.690 -23-78 29-159 35.19 131.7 78.5 30.39 Chloroform 13.7324 2548.74 218.552 -23-84 29.24 29.97 61.1 80.7 Cyclohexane Cyclopentane n-Decane 13.6568 2723.44 220.618 9–105 13.9727 2653.90 234.510 -35--71 27.30 49.2 65-203 38.75 174.1 Dichloromethane 28.06 39.7 Diethyl ether 1,4-Dioxane 26.52 34.4 20–105 34.16 101.3 n-Eicosane 57.49 343.6 Ethanol 16.8958 3795.17 230.918 3–96 38.56 78.2 Ethylbenzene Ethylene glycol* n-Heptane 13.9726 3259.93 212.300 33–163 35.57 136.2 100-222 50.73 197.3 98.4 68.7 13.8622 2910.26 216.432 4-123 31.77 п-Нехane 13.8193 2696.04 224.317 -19-92 16.5785 3638.27 239.500 -11-83 28.85 35.21 Methanol 64.7 Methyl acetate Methyl ethyl ketone C,H3O 14.1334 2838.24 218.690 Nitromethane* 30.32 56.9 -8–103 31.30 79.6 CH;NO, 14.7513 3331.70 227.600 13.9854 3311.19 202.694 56–146 33.99 101.2 36.91 n-Nonane 46–178 150.8 iso-Octane n-Octane 99.2 C3H18 C3H18 C;H12 13.6703 2896.31 220.767 13.9346 3123.13 209.635 2–125 30.79 26–152 34.41 125.6 n-Pentane 13.7667 2451.88 232.014 -45-58 25.79 36.0 Phenol 14.4387 3507.80 175.400 80–208 46.18 181.8 C;HO C3H3O 41.44 1-Propanol 2-Propanol 16.1154 3483.67 205.807 20-116 97.2 16.6796 3640.20 219.610 8–100 39.85 82.2