Using Appendix VI, find the Federal Rules of Evidence that might have been applicable to the Bowling case. Explain how each could be used.

Defendant was convicted of murder that occurred in the course of a robbery. At trial the following evidentiary issues arose: (1) Defendant attempted to introduce psychiatric testimony regarding his low I.Q. in an attempt to prove lack of premeditation. The court refused to allow the testimony. (2) The court admitted a recording of a 911 tape made by the victim minutes after the robbery and shooting. On the tape, the victim answered several questions. (3) The court admitted statements of the victim made to his wife in the emergency room as dying declarations. The victim also requested to see a minister and made several statements to his wife, indicating that he felt he was dying. The appellate court upheld all the trial court’s rulings.